中国度量衡
历代度量衡制演变简表
度
时代 | 单位换算 | 公制换算(厘米cm) |
---|---|---|
商 | 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1尺 = 16.95, 1寸 =1.58 |
周 | 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1尺 =19.1,1寸 = 1.58。楚国一尺 =22.7 |
战国 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 231, 1尺 = 23.1, 1寸 =2.31, 1分 = 0.231;1铜尺 =23 |
秦 | 1引 = 10丈, 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1引 = 2310, 1丈 = 231, 1尺 = 23.1, 1寸 = 2.31, 1分 = 0.231 |
汉 | 1引 = 10丈, 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1引 = 2310, 1丈 = 231, 1尺 = 23.1, 1寸 = 2.31, 1分 = 0.231;一牙尺 = 23.3,王莽一货币尺 = 23.1;后汉一铜尺 = 23.6 |
三国 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 242, 1尺 = 24.2, 1寸 = 2.42, 1分 = 0.242; |
西晋 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 242, 1尺 = 24.5, 1寸 = 2.42, 1分 = 0.242 |
东晋及十六国 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 245, 1尺 = 24.5, 1寸 = 2.45, 1分 = 0.245 十六国前后赵一尺 =24.3,南齐一骨尺 =24.7,南梁一铜尺 =24.95 |
南北朝 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 南朝:1丈 = 245, 1尺 = 24.5, 1寸 = 2.45, 1分 = 0.245 北朝:1丈 = 296, 1尺 = 29.6, 1寸 = 2.96, 1分 = 0.296 一中尺 =27.9,王尺=26.7,后尺=34.75;西魏周王室用王尺,东魏北齐王室用后尺民间一尺=24.95 |
隋 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 296, 1尺 = 29.6, 1寸 = 2.96, 1分 = 0.296;一水尺 = 27.4. |
唐 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 小尺:1丈 = 300, 1尺 = 30, 1寸 = 3, 1分 = 0.3 大尺:1丈 = 360, 1尺 = 36, 1寸 = 3.6, 1分 = 0.36 宗庙星历用尺一尺 = 24.75 |
五代十国及辽金 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 300, 1尺 = 30, 1寸 = 3, 1分 = 0.3 |
宋元 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 1丈 = 312, 1尺 = 31.2, 1寸 = 3.12, 1分 = 0.312 |
明 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 裁衣尺:1尺 = 34, 1寸 = 3.4 量地尺:1尺 = 32.7, 1寸 = 3.27 营造尺:1尺 = 32, 1寸 = 3.2 |
清 | 1丈 = 10尺, 1尺 = 10寸, 1寸 = 10分 | 裁衣尺:1丈 = 355, 1尺 = 35.5, 1寸 = 3.55 量地尺:1丈 = 345, 1尺 = 34.5, 1寸 = 3.45 营造尺:1丈 = 320, 1尺 = 32, 1寸 = 3.2 |
- 营造尺库平制:1里 = 18引 = 180丈 = 360步 = 1800尺 = 1,8000寸 = 18,0000分 = 180,0000厘 = 1800,0000毫 = 576米
- 市制:1里 = 15引 = 150丈 = 1500尺 = 1,5000寸 = 15,0000分 = 150,0000厘 = 1500,0000毫 = 500米 → 请参考中国市制
量
时代 | 单位换算 | 公制换算(毫升mL) |
---|---|---|
战国 | 齐:1锺 = 10釜, 1釜 = 4区, 1区 = 4豆, 1豆 = 4升 楚:1筲 = 5升 秦:1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升 三晋(韩、赵、魏):1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升 |
|
秦 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升 | 1斛 = 20000, 1斗 = 2000, 1升 = 200;商鞅变法1方升= 201 |
汉 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合, 1合 = 2龠, 1龠 = 5撮, 1撮 = 4圭 | 1斛 = 20000, 1斗 = 2000, 1升 = 200, 1合 = 20, 1龠 = 10, 1撮 = 2, 1圭 = 0.5 |
三国和两晋 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1斛 = 20450, 1斗 = 2045, 1升 = 204.5, 1合 = 20.45 |
南北朝 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1斛 = 30000, 1斗 = 3000, 1升 = 300, 1合 = 30 |
隋 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 开皇:1斛 = 60000, 1斗 = 6000, 1升 = 600, 1合 = 60 大业:1斛 = 20000, 1斗 = 2000, 1升 = 200, 1合 = 20 |
唐 | 1斛 = 10斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 大:1斛 = 60000, 1斗 = 6000, 1升 = 600, 1合 = 60 小:1斛 = 20000, 1斗 = 2000, 1升 = 200, 1合 = 20 |
宋 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 67000,1斛 = 33500, 1斗 = 6700, 1升 = 670,1合 = 67 |
元 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 95000,1斛 = 47500, 1斗 = 9500, 1升 = 950,1合 = 95 |
明清 | 1石 = 2斛,1斛 = 5斗, 1斗 = 10升, 1升 = 10合 | 1石 = 100000,1斛 = 50000, 1斗 = 10000, 1升 = 1000,1合 = 100 |
- 营造尺库平制:1石 = 2斛 = 10斗 = 100升 = 1000合 = 1,0000勺 = 3160立方寸 = 103.54688公升
- 市制:1市石(ㄉㄢˋ) = 10市斗 = 100市升 = 1000市合(ㄍㄜˇ) = 1,0000勺 = 10,0000撮 = 100公升 → 请参考中国市制[3]
衡
时代 | 单位换算 | 公制换算(公克g) |
---|---|---|
战国 | 楚:1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 赵:1石 = 120斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 魏:1镒 = 10𬬱,1𬬱 = 20两 秦:1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 |
1斤 = 250,1两 = 15.6,1铢 = 0.65 1石 = 30000,1斤 = 250,1两 = 15.6,1铢 = 0.65 1镒 = 315,1𬬱 = 31.5 1石 = 30360,1钧 = 7590,1斤 = 253,1两 = 15.8,1铢 = 0.66 |
秦 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 1石 = 30360,1钧 = 7590,1斤 = 253,1两 = 15.8,1铢 = 0.66 |
汉 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 西汉:1石 = 29760,1钧 = 7440,1斤 = 248,1两 = 15.5,1铢 = 0.65 东汉:1石 = 26400,1钧 = 6600,1斤 = 220,1两 = 13.8,1铢 = 0.57 |
三国 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 1石 = 26400,1钧 = 6600,1斤 = 220,1两 = 13.8,1铢 = 0.57 |
两晋 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 1石 = 26400,1钧 = 6600,1斤 = 220,1两 = 13.8,1铢 = 0.57 |
南北朝 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 南齐:1斤 = 330,梁、陈:1斤 = 220; 北魏、北齐:1斤 = 440,北周:1斤 = 660 |
隋 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 24铢 | 大:1石 = 79320,1钧 = 19830,1斤 = 661,1两 = 41.3 小:1石 = 26400,1钧 = 6600,1斤 = 220,1两 = 13.8 |
唐 | 1石 = 4钧,1钧 = 30斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 10钱,1钱 = 10分 | 1石 = 79320,1斤 = 661,1两 = 41.3,1钱 = 4.13,1分 = 0.41 |
宋元 | 1石 = 120斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 10钱,1钱 = 10分 | 1石 = 75960,1斤 = 633,1两 = 40,1钱 = 4,1分 = 0.4 |
明清 | 1石 = 120斤,1斤 = 16两,1两 = 10钱,1钱 = 10分 | 1石 = 70800,1斤 = 590,1两 = 36.9,1钱 = 3.69,1分 = 0.37 |
- 营造尺库平制:1斤 = 16两 = 160钱 = 1600分 = 1,6000厘 = 16,0000毫 = 596.816克
- 市制:1斤 = 16两 = 160钱 = 1600分 = 1,6000厘 = 16,0000毫 = 160,0000丝 = 500克 → 更详细的请参考中国市制
面积
现况
港澳
在香港和澳门,由于长时期为英国及葡萄牙属地,并没有受市制改革影响;虽然政府曾大力推广十进制,但民间仍然沿用司马斤(和英制、公制同时使用)[5];“1担=100斤、1斤(和清朝官府库平制不太一样,司马斤相等于604.79克,库平制1斤相等于596.82克)=16两、1两(37.7994克)=10钱、1钱=10分”等换算仍广泛用于粮食及中药材买卖至今。贵金属买卖使用金衡两,即37.429克。
视频
中国度量衡 相关视频
参考文献
- ↑ 什么是度量衡:用于计量长短容积轻重的统称,趣历史
- ↑ 中国历代度量衡制演变简表 ,新浪博客 2013-12-6
- ↑ 中国历代度量衡制演变简表,搜狐博客2009-11-23
- ↑ 中国历代衡制演变简表,道客巴巴
- ↑ 东亚各国市制单位,道客巴巴