旋苞隱棒花檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

旋苞隱棒花

原圖鏈接 來自新浪博客

中文名:旋苞隱棒花 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:單子葉植物綱 Monocotyledoneae 目:天南星目 Arales 科:天南星科 Araceae 族:天南星族 Trib. Areae 屬:隱棒花屬 Cryptocoryne 分布區域:中國廣東從化縣， 印度、孟加拉、緬甸、 老撾和馬來半島

旋苞隱棒花(xuán bāo yǐn bàng huā，學名：Cryptocoryne retrospiralis），是單子葉植物綱天南星科隱棒花屬的植物。分布在孟加拉、緬甸、印度、老撾、馬來半島以及中國大陸的廣東等地，常生長在路旁水中，目前尚未由人工引種栽培。

旋苞隱棒花形態特徵

根莖直立或斜伸，粗0.5-1厘米，節間長0.5-1厘米或極短；根莖上部生多數圓柱形肉質根，長4-11厘米。

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

葉多數，叢生，葉柄長1-5厘米，鞘狀，膜質，基部展開寬達1厘米，向上略狹；葉片線狀披針形，淡綠色補充，薄，近於透明（干時），長10-30厘米，中部寬0.3-0.9厘米，向兩頭漸狹，側脈上升，與中肋相交成極小的銳角，極細弱。

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

花序柄短，長1-2厘米；佛焰苞淡綠帶淡紅色，管下部含花序部分長1-1.5厘米，粗4-5毫米，上部無花部分長3-10厘米，中部粗僅2毫米；檐部線狀披針形，長7-8厘米，寬3-7毫米，螺旋狀上升。

肉穗花序：雌花序有心皮4-6，綠色，與雄花序的間距約6毫米，雄花序短圓柱狀，淡綠色，長約2毫米；附屬器極短 。

子房長圓形，胚珠2列，花柱短，柱頭近圓形。合生心皮卵球形，直徑約1厘米。花期11月。

本種葉柄長短、葉片寬狹、佛焰苞各部的長短都有很大的變異。

分類文獻

Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb.) Fisch. ex Wydler. in Linnaea 5: 428. 1830; Kunth, Enum. Pl: 3: 12. 1841; Wight, Icon. Pl. 3: t. 772. 1843; Engl. in DC., Monogr. Phan. 2: 625. 1879; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 493. 1893; Engl. in Engl. , Pflanzenr. 73 (4, 23F): 246, fig. 62. 1920; Gagn. in Lecte. , Fl. Gen. , Indo-Chine 6: 1193. 1942. ——Ambrosinica retrospiralis Roxb., Hort. Beng. 65. 1814, nom. nud, Fl. Ind. 3: 492. 1832 descr.——Cryptocoryne crispatula Engl. in Engl., Pflanzenr. 73 (4, 23F): 247. 1920.

Rhizome sometimes with a metallic blue-gray color, 0.5-1 cm in diam., irregularly thickened. Root system sometimes with many finely branched upright roots. Leaves green to brown, very variable, narrowly linear to lanceolate, 10-70 × 0.2-4 cm, smooth to undulate to bullate, margin entire to finely, irregularly denticulate; broader leaf blades mostly with conspicuous lateral veins. Generally, two ecological leaf forms occur: 1) plants that grow submerged for most of year, thus developing long flaccid-lax submerged leaves (sometimes also developing shorter, stiffer emergent leaves); 2) plants that develop short terete leaves during rainy season and, when water level decreases, form normal emergent leaves at anthesis. Spathe outside greenish to brownish, 10-40(-60) cm; kettle 1-2.5 cm, inside somewhat constricted below male flowers, inside ± reddish (especially distally) and with alveolae (depressions in wall) in distal part; flap closing kettle sometimes ± purple spotted; tube slightly to somewhat twisted, 5-30(-45) cm; limb ± spirally twisted, yellowish to grayish, with short to long, purple to reddish markings, sometimes markings almost completely covering surface, or few and faint, or absent, (1.5-)3-8(-12) cm; collar not present. Spadix: female flowers 4-6, with horizontal to vertical, round to ovoid stigmas; olfactory bodies ± irregularly lobed with protruding cells; male flowers 90-130, thecae rough from protruding cells. Fruit splitting in a septicidal/septifragal-ceratium-like way, greenish to purplish, narrowly globose, 1-1.5 cm, smooth. Seeds brownish, 5-8 mm, rugose; endosperm present; embryo cone-shaped with an undifferentiated plumule. 2n = 36, 54.

Rivers,streams; near sea level to 600 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].

Cryptocoryne crispatula s.l. is here interpreted as one species comprising different ecological races, i.e., leaf forms that are adapted to the water supply and the overall topography of the rivers in which they grow. In rivers with more constant water-bearings, and not too steep a fall, the more aquatic ones occur, viz. the long, narrow-leaved forms with an undulate or bullate leaf blade. In rivers with a seasonal variation in the water-bearings, the more amphibious ones occur, characterized by having shorter, ± smooth leaves. The variation within C. crispatula is very complex, with more than six recognizable forms in mainland Asia, some more readily distinguishable from the next than others. There are transitions between the various forms. The here recognized varieties represent the more distinctive ones, and admittedly specific plants may only with some difficulty be referred unambiguously to a definite variety. The number of varieties accepted is subjective. This is not meant as an excuse for an insufficient treatment but is merely recognition of the complexity of C. crispatula.Cryptocoryne crispatula s.l. is here interpreted as one species comprising different ecological races, i.e., leaf forms that are adapted to the water supply and the overall topography of the rivers in which they grow. In rivers with more constant water-bearings, and not too steep a fall, the more aquatic ones occur, viz. the long, narrow-leaved forms with an undulate or bullate leaf blade. In rivers with a seasonal variation in the water-bearings, the more amphibious ones occur, characterized by having shorter, ± smooth leaves. The variation within C. crispatula is very complex, with more than six recognizable forms in mainland Asia, some more readily distinguishable from the next than others. There are transitions between the various forms.

The here recognized varieties represent the more distinctive ones, and admittedly specific plants may only with some difficulty be referred unambiguously to a definite variety. The number of varieties accepted is subjective. This is not meant as an excuse for an insufficient treatment but is merely recognition of the complexity of C. crispatula.

旋苞隱棒花生長環境

旋苞隱棒花生長於路旁水中。

旋苞隱棒花分布範圍

旋苞隱棒花分布於中國廣東從化縣，印度、孟加拉、緬甸、老撾和馬來半島均有分布。