細齒南星檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

細齒南星

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

中文名:細齒南星 拉丁學名:Arisaema serratum (Thunb.) Schott 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:單子葉植物綱 亞 綱:澤瀉亞綱 目:澤瀉目 科:天南星科 族:天南星族 屬:天南星屬 種:細齒南星 分布區域:我國陝西 太白山、華山等地。 分布於日本

細齒南星(xì chǐ nán xīng，學名 Arisaema peninsulae Nakai，俗名：天南星、大參、朝鮮南星，異名：Arisaema serratum Arisaema angustatum var. peninsulae )，喜溫帶氣候，形態似掌。產我國陝西太白山、華山等地。分布於日本。

細齒南星形態特徵

塊莖扁球形，白色或褐色，具縐，直徑2-5厘米，鱗葉3，淡紫色或紫色，有紫色斑塊。

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

葉2，葉柄鞘長30-60厘米，紫色，具暗紫色斑塊，圓筒狀，頂部幾截平，葉柄不具鞘部分長8-10厘米，圓柱形。

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

葉片鳥足狀分裂，裂片5-13，長圓形或橢圓形，全緣或具細齒，中裂片長約10厘米，寬2.5-3厘米，側裂片依次漸小。

花序柄略短於葉柄，淡紫色至深紫色。佛焰苞圓柱形，管部長5.5-7.5厘米，紫色至深紫色，有白色條紋，邊緣略外卷；檐部卵形，濃紫色，下彎，先端漸狹，長7厘米，寬4-5厘米。

肉穗花序單性，雄花序圓錐形，長1.5厘米，基部粗1厘米，花葯深紫色；附屬器紫色，棒狀，具縱條紋，長4厘米，上部粗8-9毫米，基部較狹，截形，具長5-6毫米的柄。

分類文獻

Arisaema serratum (Thunb.) Schott, Melet. 1: 17. 1832; Blume in Rumphia 1: 107. 1835 p. p.; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 19. 1841; Nakai in Icon. Pl. As. Orient. 2 (2) : tab, 56. 1937. ——Arum serratum Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 338. 1792, in Icon. Pl. Jap. 4: t. 8. 1802. ——Arisaema japonicum Blume var. serratum Engl. in DC. , Monogr. Phan. 2: 549. 1879, partim. ——A. serratum f. a. Thunbergii Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 15: 128. 1901, p. min. p. et excl. syn. A. latisectum et A. angustatum; Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 43: 535. 1929, p. p. , excl. syn. latisectum et A. serratum b. euserratum. ——A. serratum var. ionochlamys Nakai in Icon. Pl. As. Orient. 2 (2) : tab. 56．1937．

Arisaema angustatum Franchet & Savatier var. peninsulae (Nakai) Nakai.

Tuber depressed globose, 1.5-5.5 cm in diam. Cataphylls 3, brownish with purple spots, 3-10 cm. Leaves 2; petiole 35-93 cm; pseudostem (sheathing part) 29-77 cm; leaf blade pedate; leaflets 7-17(-23); rachis well developed between terminal and lateral ones, and between lateral ones; leaflets narrowly elliptic, obovate-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, base cuneate, margin entire or serrate, apex acuminate; central leaflet with petiolule 1-4 cm, blade 9-18 × 3.5-9 cm, gradually smaller outward; lateral leaflets remote from central one for 1-4 cm, shortly petiolulate or sessile, ca. as large as central one; outer lateral leaflets sessile and much smaller than central leaflet.

Peduncle erect, 30-80 cm. Spathe usually green with white stripes, or purplish to dark purple with whitish stripes; tube 5-8 × ca. 1.5 cm, throat obliquely truncate, scarcely recurved; limb incurved, usually green, or dark purple, oblong, 5-6 × 4-5 cm, apex acuminate. Spadix unisexual; female zone 1.5-3 cm × 5-7 mm; ovaries dense, narrowly ovoid; style short; stigma disciform; male zone 1-1.5 cm; synandria dense, sessile; anthers 2 or 3; thecae globose, dehiscing by apical pores. Appendix erect, cylindric, 3.5-4 cm × 3-6 mm, base truncate and stipitate, apex obtuse; stipe 4-5 mm. Berries reddish yellow, ovoid-globose, ca. 8 × 7 mm. Seeds 2 or 3, yellow-brown, ca. 4 mm in diam., rugose. Fl. May-Jun, mature fr. Sep.

Forests; below 500 m. Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin [Japan, Korea].

Chinese records of Arisaema serratum (Thunberg) Schott (e.g., in FRPS 13(2): 179. 1979) are referable to A. peninsulae.Chinese records of Arisaema serratum (Thunberg) Schott (e.g., in FRPS 13(2): 179. 1979) are referable to A. peninsulae.

細齒南星分布範圍

產我國陝西太白山、華山等地。分布於日本。

細齒南星主要價值

適宜做地被材料或盆景應用。