紫花綠絨蒿檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
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中文學名:紫花綠絨蒿 拉丁學名:Meconopsis violacea 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:罌粟目 亞 目:罌粟亞目 科:罌粟科 屬:綠絨蒿屬 亞 屬:綠絨蒿亞屬 種:紫花綠絨蒿 |
紫花綠絨蒿(zǐ huā lǜ róng hāo),學名：Meconopsis violacea Kingdon-Ward,是罌粟科綠絨蒿屬植物，一年生草本。 [1]
紫花綠絨蒿形態特徵
紫花綠絨蒿 主根蘿蔔狀，基生葉密集蓮座狀，葉片長約16厘米，寬約4厘米，羽狀全裂或深裂，裂片長圓形或披針狀長圓形；
先端急尖，邊緣全緣或不整齊的分裂，兩面特別中脈和邊緣被長柔毛並混生短毛，葉柄長約7.5厘米；下部莖生葉同基生葉，但葉柄較短，上部莖生葉無柄，基部耳形，略抱莖，最上部莖生葉羽狀分裂。
花莖長達180厘米，被長柔毛和絨毛；花下垂，生於上部莖生葉腋內；花梗細，長約6.2厘米，果時達13厘米，先端密被毛。花瓣4（有時5-6），倒卵形至近圓形，長約3.7厘米，寬約2.5厘米，淺藍色、絲光紫羅蘭色或有時紫色；
花絲絲狀，上部與花瓣同色，基部白色，花葯亮橘黃色；子房橢圓形至橢圓狀長圓形，密被緊貼或斜展、淡金黃色毛，花柱明顯，長達7毫米，通常較細，柱頭近棒狀或略具分離的裂片，淡綠色。
蒴果橢圓狀長圓形，密被宿存、緊貼的毛或基部被硬毛，7-9瓣自先端微裂。種子橢圓狀長圓形至腎形，種皮密具乳突。
Herbs, monocarpic, to 2 m tall in flower. Taproot radishlike. Basal leaves in a dense, evergreen, sea-green rosette; petiole ca. 7.5 cm; blade elliptic-oblong, ca. 16 × 4 cm, both surfaces especially midvein and margin villous and mixed barbellate-pubescent, pinnatisect or pinnatipartite; lobes oblong or lanceolate-oblong, margin entire or irregularly lobed, apex acute. Lower cauline leaves similar to basal ones but shorter petiolate; upper cauline leaves sessile, basally auriculate-amplexicaul, pinnatifid.
Inflorescence racemose, barbellate-tomentose. Flowers nutant, bracteate. Pedicel ca. 6.2 cm, to 13 cm at fruiting, slender, apically densely pilose. Petals 4(-6), pale blue, bluish violet, or sometimes purple, obovate to suborbicular, ca. 3.7 × 2.5 cm. Filaments of same color as petals but white at base, filiform; anthers bright orange.
Ovary elliptic to elliptic-oblong, densely appressed or inclined slightly golden pubescent; styles distinct, to 7-9 mm, usually slender; stigmas virescent, nearly clavate or sometimes with separate lobes. Capsule elliptic-oblong, 3.5-3.7 × 1.4-1.5 cm, densely ascending pubescent or basally setose, 7-9-valvate for a short distance from apex. Seeds elliptic-oblong to reniform, seed coat densely papillose. Fl. Jun-Jul.
分類文獻
Meconopsis violacea Kingdon-Ward in Gard. 91: 450, in obs. (July 1927): in Gard. Chron. Ser. 3, 82: 506, in obs. (Dec. 1927); Tayl. Monogr. 43. 1934; C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang in Act. Bot. Yunn. 2 (4): 375. 1980; 中國高等植物圖鑑補編1: 651. 1982，in clavi;西藏植物志2: 239. 1985.
紫花綠絨蒿生長環境
紫花綠絨蒿 生長於海拔3000-3900米高寒草甸礫地、山地礫石坡、溝谷山麓。