一擔柴檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
一擔柴 |
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中文學名:一擔柴 拉丁學名:Colona floribunda (Wall.) Craib. 別 稱:大泡火繩(中國高等植物圖鑑) 二名法:Colona floribunda Craib 界:植物界 門:被子植物門(Angiospermae) 綱:雙子葉植物綱(Dicotyledoneae) 亞 綱:五椏果亞綱(Dilleniidae) 目:錦葵目(Malvales) 科:椴樹科(Tiliaceae) 亞 科:椴樹亞科 族:一擔柴族Trib. Coloneae Burret 屬:一擔柴屬(Colona Cav.) 種:一擔柴 |
一擔柴(yī dān chái),學名Colona floribunda (Wall.) Craib.異名:Grewia floribunda Grewia scabra Columbia floribunda ,別名大泡火繩(中國高等植物圖鑑),錦葵目椴樹科一擔柴屬植物。分布在越南、老撾、緬甸、泰國、印度以及中國大陸的雲南等地。 [1]
一擔柴形態特徵
小喬木,高8-10米;嫩枝被灰褐色星狀柔毛。葉闊倒卵狀圓形或近圓形,長14-21厘米,寬11-16厘米,先端急尖或漸尖,基部微心形,有時近先端有3-5淺裂,兩面均被粗糙的灰褐色星狀毛,下面較密;
基出脈5-7條,網脈在下面突起;葉柄長1.5-5.5厘米。頂生圓錐花序長達27厘米,花小,直徑8毫米;萼片披針形,長約4毫米,外面被星狀短茸毛;花瓣黃色、匙形,約與萼片同長,基部有腺體;
雄蕊多數,約與花瓣同長;子房3-5室,花柱尖細,有毛,胚珠每室2-4顆。蒴果直徑約5毫米,有翅3-5條,翅長約5毫米。花期6月,果期11月。
Columbia floribunda Wallich ex Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 42: 63. 1873.
Trees 8-10 m tall. Branchlets gray-brown stellate puberulent. Petiole 1.5-5.5 cm; leaf blade broadly obovate-orbicular or nearly orbicular, 14-21 × 11-20 cm, with rough, gray-brown stellate hairs on both surfaces, more dense abaxially, basal veins 5-7, veinlets prominently raised abaxially, base slightly cordate, margin serrulate, apex acute or acuminate, sometimes 3-5-lobed.
Inflorescences terminal, to 27 cm. Flowers ca. 8 mm in diam. Sepals lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, stellate tomentose abaxially. Petals yellow, spatulate, nearly as long as sepals. Stamens ca. 40, nearly as long as petals, in 5 bundles. Ovary stellate tomentose, 3-5-loculed; stigma hairy. Capsule 1-1.5 cm in diam., stellate hairy, 3-5-winged, wings ca. 5 mm. Fl. Jun, fr. Nov.
Secondary montane forests; 300-2000 m. S Yunnan [India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The basionym is often given as "Grewia floribunda Wallich ex Voigt" (Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 128. 1845) but that name, as a nomen nudum, was not validly published.
分類文獻
Colona floribunda (Wall.) Craib in Kew Bull. 1:21. 1925; Fl. Siam. 1: 189. 1925;中國高等植物圖2: 800, 圖3329, 1972.——Grewia floribunda Wall. apud Voigt Cat. Hort. Suburd. Calcutta 128. 1844, nom. nud.——Columbia floribunda Kurz in Journ. As. Soc, Beng. 42:2. 63. 1873; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 394. 1874; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1:549. 1911.
一擔柴生長環境
生長於海拔1000-2000米的山地次生林里。
一擔柴分布範圍
產於雲南南部。越南、老撾、緬甸、泰國及印度有分布。模式標本采自緬甸。
一擔柴相關種
狹葉一擔柴Colona thorelii (Gagn.) Burret