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白头树查看源代码讨论查看历史

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白头树

中文学名:白头树

拉丁学名:Garuga forrestii

W. W. Smith

界:植物界

门:被子叶植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

亚 纲:原始花被亚纲

目:芸香目

亚 目:芸香亚目

科:橄榄科

属:嘉榄属

种:白头树

分布区域:云南四川

白头树是一种落叶乔木,高10—25米,幼枝密被柔毛,老枝无毛,紫褐色,有纵条纹及明显的叶痕。 [1]

白头树形态特征

小叶近无柄,披针形至椭圆状长圆形,顶端渐尖,基部圆形或阔楔形,具浅齿,有小托叶。最下一对小叶小,长约1厘米,常早落 ;中间一对长7—12厘米,宽2—4厘米,侧脉10—16对;顶生小叶长5—7厘米,具柄,柄长约1.5厘米。圆锥花序侧生和腋生,常多数聚集于近小枝顶部,长14—25(—35)厘米,多次分枝,花轴及分枝纤细,密被直立的柔毛。

花白色,长约3毫米,花托杯状,外被绒毛;萼片近钻形,长0.2厘米,两面被毛;花瓣卵形,长约3毫米,外被绒毛;雄蕊近等长;子房无柄,球形,和花柱被疏柔毛,柱头5浅裂。果序有许多不结实的线形花梗。

果近卵形,一侧肿胀,横切面多少呈钝三角形,长0.7—1厘米,直径0.6—0.8厘米,两端尖,先端具喙而偏斜一侧,基部有宿存的浅杯状花萼。花期4月,果期5—11月。

Trees, 10-15(-20) m tall. Branchlets densely pubescent when young, glabrescent, purple-brown, longitudinally striped and conspicuously lenticellate. Leaflets 11-19, nearly without petiolules; blades lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, densely pubescent when young, glabrescent, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin shallowly serrate, apex acuminate, lowest pairs small, ca. 1 cm, often early deciduous, middle pairs 7-12 × 2-4 cm, with lateral veins 10-16 pairs, terminal leaflet 5-7 cm, with petiolule ca. 15 mm. Panicles 14-25(-35) cm, axillary or lateral, usually crowded toward ends of branchlets, multibranched; rachis and branches slender, densely tomentose. Flowers white, ca. 3 mm; receptacle cup-shaped, abaxially tomentose. Sepals nearly subulate, ca. 2 mm, hairy on both surfaces. Petals ovate, ca. 3 mm, abaxially tomentose. Stamens nearly equal. Ovary sessile, globose; style sparsely pubescent; stigma shallowly 5-lobed. Infructescence with many linear pedicels without fruits. Drupe nearly ovoid, one side dilated, 7-10 × 6-8 mm, ± obtusely deltoid in cross section, attenuate at both ends, apex with a point, base with persistent shallowly cupular calyx. Fl. Apr, fr. May-Nov.

Garuga forrestii W. W. Smith in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 162. 1921; Hand. -Maza. Symb. Sin. 7:631. 1933, Kalkm. in Blumea 7 (2): 461, fig. 2. 1953; 云南植物志1: 461, 图版45: 10-14. 1977; 云南种子植物名录, 上册826. 1984.——G. yunnanensis Hu in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. ser. 7: 212. 1936.

白头树分布范围

白头树主要分布于云南四川金沙江谷地及云南省怒江澜沧江红河河谷。

标本分布

广西龙州

四川: 屏山会理金阳雷波

云南: 昆明禄劝峨山丽江墨江凤庆蒙自建水金平

参考来源

  1. 白头树, 植物智, 2020-01-18