節毛烏蘞莓檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
節毛烏蘞莓 |
中文學名:節毛烏蘞莓 拉丁學名:Cayratia cilifera (Merr.) Chun 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:葡萄目 科:葡萄科 屬:烏蘞莓屬 種:節毛烏蘞莓 分布區域:產海南。 |
節毛烏蘞莓(jié máo wū liǎn méi,學名:Cayratia cilifera)是葡萄科烏蘞莓屬的植物。木質藤本,花期6-9月,果期7-12月。分布於中國大陸的海南等地,生長於海拔300米至4,000米的地區,多生長在山谷疏林中,目前尚未由人工引種栽培。 [1]
節毛烏蘞莓形態特徵
木質藤本。小枝圓柱形,有縱梭紋,被節狀長柔毛,毛長2-3.5毫米。卷鬚常為3分枝,相隔2節間斷與葉對生。
葉為鳥足狀5小葉,小葉倒卵長橢圓形,長3.5-7厘米,寬1.2-2.5厘米,中央小葉頂端漸尖或急尖,基部楔形,側生小葉頂端急尖或圓形,基部楔形或近圓形,邊緣有圓鋸齒或缺刻狀鋸齒,上面綠色,疏生長柔毛或脫落幾無毛,下面淺綠色,伏生節狀長柔毛;
側脈5-8對,網脈不明顯;葉柄長1.5-4.5厘米,小葉無柄或中央小葉有短柄,被節狀長柔毛;托葉膜質,褐色,長4-6毫米,寬3-4毫米,頂短鈍,幾無毛。
花序腋生,復二歧聚傘花序;花序梗長約3.5厘米,疏生節狀長柔毛;花梗長0.5-2毫米,被節狀長柔毛;花蕾橢圓形,高1.5-2毫米,頂端圓形;萼碟形,邊緣幾全緣,疏被短柔毛;
花瓣4,卵形,高1-1.5毫米,頂端有細長小角狀突起,外展,被疏柔毛;雄蕊4淺裂;子房下部與花盤合生,花柱短,柱頭不擴大。
果實近球形,直徑0.6-0.8厘米,有種子2-4顆;種子倒卵圓形,頂端圓形,基部有短喙,種臍在背面近基部與種脊無異,種脊呈溝狀,表面有網狀棱紋突起,腹部中棱脊突出,兩側窪穴分化不明顯。
花期6-9月,果期7-12月。 [2]
英文介紹
Columella ciliifera Merrill, Lingnan Sci. J. 9: 39. 1930; Cayratia cannabina Gagnepain.
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, villous with segmented hairs 2-3.5 mm; tendrils trifurcate. Leaves pedately 5-foliolate; stipules brownish, oval, 4-6 × 3-4 mm, membranous, nearly glabrescent, apex obtuse; petiole 1.5-4.5 cm; lateral petiolules sessile or central petiolule short, villous with segmented hairs; leaflets obovate-elliptic, 3.5-7 × 1.2-2.5 cm, abaxially villous with appressed segmented hairs, adaxially sparsely villous or glabrous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous, base cuneate, apex acuminate or acute; lateral leaflets basally cuneate or nearly rounded, margin with rounded or notched teeth, apex acute or rounded. Compound dichasium axillary; peduncle ca. 3.5 cm, sparsely villous with segmented hairs. Pedicel 0.5-2 mm, villous with segmented hairs. Buds elliptic, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx cupular, sparsely pubescent, subentire. Petals oval, 1-1.5 mm, pilose, apex corniculate. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; stigma not expanded. Berry globose, 6-8 mm in diam., 2-4-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base rostrate, apex rounded, raphe groovelike, surface netlike with ribs raised, ventral holes inconspicuous.
Forests in valleys; 300-400 m. Hainan [Vietnam].
節毛烏蘞莓生長壞境
生長于山谷疏林中,海拔300-400米。模式標本采自海南。