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! <p style="background: #0088A8; color: #FFFFFF; margin:auto; padding:5px 0; "> '''埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫''' </p>
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|<center><img src="https://www.pambazuka.org/sites/default/files/styles/flexslider_full/public/field/image/President-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf.jpg?itok=xwTl1LMs" width="280"></center><small>[https://www.pambazuka.org/gender-minorities/repairwoman-president-ellen-johnson-sirleaf 圖片來自pambazuka news]
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'''埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫'''（{{lang-en|Ellen Johnson Sirleaf}}，{{bd|1938年|10月29日|catIdx=Johnson-Sirleaf, Ellen}}）是[[賴比瑞亞]][[政治家]]。她是[[利比里亚联盟党]]（Unity Party）领袖，在[[2005年利比里亚总统大选]]中当选，是首位[[民選]]非洲国家[[总统|女总统]]。2011年10月7日，约翰逊·瑟利夫、[[莱伊曼·古博薇]]與[[塔瓦库·卡曼]]共同獲得[[諾貝爾和平獎]]，因「她們以非暴力鬥爭方式來維護女性安全以及女性能充分參與和平建设的權利」<ref name=Nobel>{{cite web |url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/ |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 |publisher=Nobelprize.org |language=en |date=2011-10-07 |accessdate=2011-10-11 |archive-date=2013-07-08 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HwrL2OBK?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
== 生平 ==
=== 家庭背景 ===
她具有1/2的来自父亲的{{link-en|戈拉人|Gola people}}（利比里亚的一个种族）血统，和来自母方的[[德国]]和[[克鲁人]]（利比里亚的一个种族）的血统（外祖父是德国人，外祖母是克鲁人）<ref>{{cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html |first=Reed |last=Kramer |title=Liberia: Showered With Enthusiasm, Liberia's President-Elect Receives High-Level Reception in Washington |work=AllAfrica.com |date=December 11, 2005 |accessdate=December 15, 2005 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714182739/https://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=brit>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1109600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf |title=Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf |work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015161947/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1109600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
她父亲Jahmale Carney Johnson生于贫穷的农村<ref name=harv /><ref name=lib>{{cite web |url=http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's tribal roots and Americo Liberian background |work=Liberia Past And Present |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107043808/http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。后来搬到[[蒙罗维亚]]，由于他对利比里亚第一位本国总统[[希拉里·約翰遜]]（Hilary R. W. Johnson）非常忠诚，所以姓氏更换成“约翰逊”并被别的家庭抚养长大<ref name=lib/>，后来他成为第一个本国出生的国会议员<ref name=brit/><ref name=harv/>。
她母亲生于利比里亚[[格林维尔]]地区的穷人家庭<ref name=lib/>。当利比里亚在[[第一次世界大战]]中对德国宣战后她外祖父就逃离了该国，后来她外祖母Juah Sarwee把她母亲送到了[[蒙罗维亚]]<ref name=harv/>，同样被别人收养长大<ref name=lib/>。
=== 教育经历 ===
她生于[[蒙罗维亚]]<ref name=harv>{{cite web |url=http://www.hks.harvard.edu/ksgpress/bulletin/spring2006/features/ellen.htm |title=Ellen! |publisher=[[Harvard University]] [[Kennedy School of Government]] |date=Spring 2006 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2013-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409083615/http://www.hks.harvard.edu/ksgpress/bulletin/spring2006/features/ellen.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1948到1955年在首都的[[西非学院]]（College of West Africa）学习经济和会计学。17岁时与詹姆斯·瑟利夫结婚<ref name=brit />，1961年她随丈夫一起旅行到[[美国]]并在位于[[威斯康辛州]][[麦迪逊]]的[[威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校]]继续深造会计学，后来获得[[科羅拉多大學博爾德分校]]经济学学位<ref name="bergner">{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Bergner |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/magazine/24sirleaf-t.html |title=An Uncompromising Woman |work=[[New York Times Magazine]] |date=October 22, 2010 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2018-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104211715/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/magazine/24sirleaf-t.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1969到1971年她在[[约翰·F·肯尼迪政府学院]]学习经济与公共政策学，并获得[[公共行政碩士]]。之后回国在[[威廉·理查德·托尔伯特]]政府中工作。
== 事业 ==
[[File:Rice johnson sirleaf 600.jpg|thumb|2005年12月15日，她与[[美国国务卿]][[康多莉扎·赖斯]]会谈]]
1972到1973年她担任助理财政部长。在对开支产生意见分歧后她辞了职。1979年到1980年4月[[政变]]发生前，她担任总统[[威廉·理查德·托爾伯特]]（William R. Tolbert, Jr.）内阁中的财政部长。之后她离开利比里亚从事金融工作。在1997年的总统选举中，她以9.58%的得票率位居第二，远比第一的[[查尔斯·泰勒 (利比里亚政治人物)|查尔斯·泰勒]]的75.33%落后很多。2005年，她再次[[2005年利比里亚总统大选|竞选总统]]，以59.4%得票率战胜40.6%的[[乔治·维阿]]，成功当选，2006年1月16日就任<ref>[http://gb.chinabroadcast.cn/8606/2006/01/16/1062@863401.htm 约翰逊－瑟利夫就任利比里亚内战后首任总统]{{dead link|date=2018年5月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>。她是第一个也是目前唯一的非洲女总统。
[[2010年1月]]，她在国会上宣布她会参加2011年的总统选举以谋求第二个任期<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm|title=Liberia President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf to stand again|accessdate=September 21, 2010|date=26 January 2010|work=[[BBC News]]|archive-date=2010-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129212446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm|dead-url=no}}</ref>。而反对派则注意到她的这一表态与她2005年参选时表示的若当选则只任一届的承诺矛盾<ref>{{cite web | first=Joshua E. | last=Keating | url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen | title=The Men Who Would Be Queen | work=Foreign Policy | date=August 19, 2011 | accessdate=August 21, 2011 | archive-date=2011-09-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912004910/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen | dead-url=no }}</ref>。在2010年10月31日的联盟党代表大会上，她被推举为该党的总统候选人<ref name=Secterm>{{cite news|first=Varney|last=Kamara|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html|title=Sirleaf, Boakai Get Sec-Term Mandate|accessdate=2010-11-01|date=2010-11-01|work=[[allAfrica.com]]|archive-date=2010-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102141449/http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。同一天，她也提名现任副总统[[约瑟夫·博阿凯]]继续作为她的搭档一起参选<ref name=Secterm/>。
2011年总统大选第一轮投票于10月11日举行，71.8%选举人参与了投票，她获得43.9%的得票率，来自[[民主变革会议]](Congress for Democratic Change)的候选人[[温斯顿·杜伯曼]]获得32.7%位列第二。由于二人没有获得绝对多数，因此同年11月8日举行了第二轮投票。Tubman宣称瑟利夫的支持者垄断了第一轮投票，因此他呼吁他的支持者抵制第二轮投票，导致只有38%人参与投票。最终选举委员会于11月15日公布瑟利夫赢得90.7%的选票（她得到607,618张选票，杜伯曼获得62,207张）成功连任总统<ref>{{cite web | url=http://necliberia.org/admin/pg_img/20111115_NationalProgressiveResultsHandouts%20pdf.pdf | title=National Tally Center Tally Report | work=National Elections Commission | date=2011-11-15 | accessdate=2011-11-15 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425225833/http://necliberia.org/admin/pg_img/20111115_NationalProgressiveResultsHandouts%20pdf.pdf | archive-date=2012-04-25 | dead-url=yes }}</ref>。
2018年1月14日，團結黨宣佈已開除瑟利夫的黨籍，理由是她在[[2017年利比里亞大選|2017年總統選舉]]支持團結黨候選人[[约瑟夫·博阿凯]]的對手[[乔治·维阿]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2018-01/15/c_1122257237.htm |title=利比里亚总统瑟利夫因在总统选举中支持党外候选人被党内除名 |publisher=新華網 |date=2018-01-15 |accessdate=2018-01-15 |archive-date=2018-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115184624/http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2018-01/15/c_1122257237.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
=== 国际职务 ===
2020年7月9日，瑟里夫与新西兰前总理[[海伦·克拉克]]共同受委担任[[2019冠状病毒病]]大流行防范和应对独立小组（IPPR）联合主席<ref>{{Cite web|title=世卫成立独立调查小组评估疫情应对 11月提交中期报告|url=https://www.rfi.fr/cn/中国/20200709-世卫成立独立调查小组评估疫情应对-11月提中期报告|accessdate=2021-01-20|date=2020-07-09|work=RFI - 法国国际广播电台|language=zh-Hans}}</ref>。
== 家庭 ==
1956年她与James Sirleaf结婚，后来两人离婚{{when|date=September 2011}}。她有四个儿子和八个孙子女。她最大的侄子Emmanuel Sumana Elsar Sr在她2005年总统选举中担任政治顾问。
== 荣誉 ==
* 1988 [[羅斯福研究所]]的「言论自由奖」<ref>{{cite web |url=http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |title=Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |publisher=Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute |accessdate=2010-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821192903/http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |archivedate=2011-08-21 }}</ref>
* [[拉尔夫·本奇]]国际领袖奖
* 拯救利比里亞非洲之星司令（Grand commander Star of Africa Redemption of Liberia）
* [[多哥]]司令勳章（<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Commandeur de l'Ordre du Togo</span>）
* 2006 求同組織的求同獎（Common Ground Award, Search for Common Ground）<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |title=Common Ground Awards 2006 |publisher=Search for Common Ground |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728175807/http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2006 飢饉計劃的可持續終止飢饉非洲領袖獎得主<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.africaprize.org/06/ |title=President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: 2006 Africa Prize Laureate |publisher=The Hunger Project |year=2006 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2008-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326180439/http://africaprize.org/06/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
*2006 特聘研究員，[[埃默里大學]]的克勞斯·M.哈勒全球研究所<ref>{{cite web| url=http://halleinstitute.emory.edu/distinguished_fellows/sirleaf.html |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Halle Distinguished Fellow, September 12, 2006 |publisher=Emory University |accessdate=December 14, 2010}}</ref>
* 2006 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[马凯特大学]] <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |title=Honorary Degree Recipient: Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |publisher=Marquette University |date=October 23, 2006 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904122022/http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2006 獲Synergos頒發戴維洛克菲勒橋樑領袖獎<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |title=2006 David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award Honorees |publisher=Synergos |date=October 12, 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213171535/http://synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |archivedate=2011年12月13日 |accessdate=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2007 [[總統自由勳章]]<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=White House Office of the Press Secretary |url=http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html |title=President Bush Announces Recipients of Presidential Medal of Freedom |date=Oct 29, 2007 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027132729/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2008 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[印地安那大学]]（Indiana University Bloomington）<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html |title=Liberian president receiving honorary degree at IU Bloomington commencement |publisher=Indiana University |date=April 8, 2010 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085944/http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2008 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[布朗大学]]<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf |title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to Receive Honorary Degree |publisher=Brown University |date=September 8, 2009 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061126/http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2009 獲EITI頒發獎項，讚揚其國家實行EITI方面步伐迅速<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html |title=Eiti Awards Government for Progress, As President Sirleaf Returns Home |publisher=AllAfrica.com |date=February 18, 2009 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123013700/http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2009 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[坦帕大学]]（University of Tampa）<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx|title = UT Honorary Doctorate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Named Nobel Peace Prize Recipient|date = 7 October 2011|accessdate = 7 October 2011|publisher = The University of Tampa|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111017235634/http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx|archive-date = 2011-10-17|dead-url = yes}}</ref>
* 2010 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[耶鲁大学]]<ref>{{cite news |first=Esther |last=Zuckerman |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/ |title=Liberian president to receive honorary degree |work=Yale Daily News |date=May 23, 2010 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-06-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110606170654/http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* 2010 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[罗格斯大学]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml/ |title=2010 Commencement/Convocations |publisher=Rutgers University |date=May 25, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701071217/http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml |archivedate=2010年7月1日 |accessdate=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2010 非洲編輯聯盟之非洲傳媒之友獎<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686 |title=President Sirleaf Receives African Editors Honor |publisher=The Executive Mansion |location=Monrovia |date=October 18, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122185835/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686 |archivedate=2010年11月22日 |access-date=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2011 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[哈佛大学]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813183524/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2011 非洲性別獎（African Gender Award）<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919 |script-title=en:'You Have Brought Honor to All African Women,’ Senegal’s Wade Says of President Johnson Sirleaf |publisher=The Executive Mansion |location=Monrovia |date=2011-06-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705052138/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919 |archivedate=2011-07-05 |access-date=2011-10-08 }}</ref>
*2011年10月7日，获得[[诺贝尔和平奖]]
*2012 [[英迪拉·甘地和平奖]]
== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Liberia Executive Mansion]（政府官方网站）
* [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Biography]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729171837/https://www.trcofliberia.org/ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia] includes final report
* {{C-SPAN|ellenjohnsonsirleaf}}
* {{Worldcat id|lccn-n92-52659}}
* {{NYTtopic|people/j/ellen_johnson_sirleaf}}
; 演讲
* Address to US Congress in Joint Session 15 March 2006 [http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=06052210238+4+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve TXT]{{dead link|date=2017年12月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=06052210238+4+1+0&WAISaction=retrieve PDF]{{dead link|date=2017年12月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060321185639/http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0321_liberia.html Sirleaf Speaks at U.S. Institute of Peace] 21 March 2006 (audio archive available)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070117071058/http://explore.georgetown.edu/news/?ID=19235 Liberian President Speaks to Georgetown Community] 17 October 2006
; 档案与采访
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/africa/4395978.stm Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady']on [[BBC News Online]], 23 November 2005
* [http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/ironladies/ Iron Ladies of Liberia], [[Independent Lens]] on [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]], 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111004164659/http://www.imow.org/wpp/stories/viewStory?storyId=924 Follow the Leader], interview with Ellen Johnson Sirleaf by the [[International Museum of Women]], April 2008
* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102865779 The 'Remarkable Life' Of Liberia's 'Iron Lady'], Dave Davies, interview on [[Fresh Air]], April 2009
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/08/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-100-women Top 100 Women in Politics: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf], Ermine Saner, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 8 March 2011
* {{cite web | url = http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/tue-april-21-2009/ellen-johnson-sirleaf | title = Ellen Johnson Sirleaf — The Daily Show with Jon Stewart | date = 2009-04-21 | accessdate = 2011-10-07 | publisher = The Daily Show with Jon Stewart | archive-date = 2011-11-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111112130652/http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/tue-april-21-2009/ellen-johnson-sirleaf | dead-url = no }}
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/elsewhere/journalist/story/0,7792,1595165,00.html 卫报]
* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-1866394,00.html 泰晤士报]
* [http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/news/world/13132018.htm Mercury News]
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{{succession box|[[查尔斯·久德·布赖恩特]]|[[乔治·维阿]]|[[利比里亚总统]]|2006年－2018年}}
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! <p style="background: #0088A8; color: #FFFFFF; margin:auto; padding:5px 0; "> '''埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫''' </p>
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'''埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫'''（{{lang-en|Ellen Johnson Sirleaf}}，{{bd|1938年|10月29日|catIdx=Johnson-Sirleaf, Ellen}}）是[[賴比瑞亞]][[政治家]]。她是[[利比里亚联盟党]]（Unity Party）领袖，在[[2005年利比里亚总统大选]]中当选，是首位[[民選]]非洲国家[[总统|女总统]]。2011年10月7日，约翰逊·瑟利夫、[[莱伊曼·古博薇]]與[[塔瓦库·卡曼]]共同獲得[[諾貝爾和平獎]]，因「她們以非暴力鬥爭方式來維護女性安全以及女性能充分參與和平建设的權利」<ref name=Nobel>{{cite web |url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/ |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 |publisher=Nobelprize.org |language=en |date=2011-10-07 |accessdate=2011-10-11 |archive-date=2013-07-08 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HwrL2OBK?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
== 生平 ==
=== 家庭背景 ===
她具有1/2的来自父亲的{{link-en|戈拉人|Gola people}}（利比里亚的一个种族）血统，和来自母方的[[德国]]和[[克鲁人]]（利比里亚的一个种族）的血统（外祖父是德国人，外祖母是克鲁人）<ref>{{cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html |first=Reed |last=Kramer |title=Liberia: Showered With Enthusiasm, Liberia's President-Elect Receives High-Level Reception in Washington |work=AllAfrica.com |date=December 11, 2005 |accessdate=December 15, 2005 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714182739/https://allafrica.com/stories/200512110034.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=brit>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1109600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf |title=Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf |work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015161947/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1109600/Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
她父亲Jahmale Carney Johnson生于贫穷的农村<ref name=harv /><ref name=lib>{{cite web |url=http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's tribal roots and Americo Liberian background |work=Liberia Past And Present |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107043808/http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/JohnsonSirleaf/TribalRoots.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。后来搬到[[蒙罗维亚]]，由于他对利比里亚第一位本国总统[[希拉里·約翰遜]]（Hilary R. W. Johnson）非常忠诚，所以姓氏更换成“约翰逊”并被别的家庭抚养长大<ref name=lib/>，后来他成为第一个本国出生的国会议员<ref name=brit/><ref name=harv/>。
她母亲生于利比里亚[[格林维尔]]地区的穷人家庭<ref name=lib/>。当利比里亚在[[第一次世界大战]]中对德国宣战后她外祖父就逃离了该国，后来她外祖母Juah Sarwee把她母亲送到了[[蒙罗维亚]]<ref name=harv/>，同样被别人收养长大<ref name=lib/>。
=== 教育经历 ===
她生于[[蒙罗维亚]]<ref name=harv>{{cite web |url=http://www.hks.harvard.edu/ksgpress/bulletin/spring2006/features/ellen.htm |title=Ellen! |publisher=[[Harvard University]] [[Kennedy School of Government]] |date=Spring 2006 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2013-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409083615/http://www.hks.harvard.edu/ksgpress/bulletin/spring2006/features/ellen.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1948到1955年在首都的[[西非学院]]（College of West Africa）学习经济和会计学。17岁时与詹姆斯·瑟利夫结婚<ref name=brit />，1961年她随丈夫一起旅行到[[美国]]并在位于[[威斯康辛州]][[麦迪逊]]的[[威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校]]继续深造会计学，后来获得[[科羅拉多大學博爾德分校]]经济学学位<ref name="bergner">{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Bergner |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/magazine/24sirleaf-t.html |title=An Uncompromising Woman |work=[[New York Times Magazine]] |date=October 22, 2010 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2018-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104211715/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/24/magazine/24sirleaf-t.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1969到1971年她在[[约翰·F·肯尼迪政府学院]]学习经济与公共政策学，并获得[[公共行政碩士]]。之后回国在[[威廉·理查德·托尔伯特]]政府中工作。
== 事业 ==
[[File:Rice johnson sirleaf 600.jpg|thumb|2005年12月15日，她与[[美国国务卿]][[康多莉扎·赖斯]]会谈]]
1972到1973年她担任助理财政部长。在对开支产生意见分歧后她辞了职。1979年到1980年4月[[政变]]发生前，她担任总统[[威廉·理查德·托爾伯特]]（William R. Tolbert, Jr.）内阁中的财政部长。之后她离开利比里亚从事金融工作。在1997年的总统选举中，她以9.58%的得票率位居第二，远比第一的[[查尔斯·泰勒 (利比里亚政治人物)|查尔斯·泰勒]]的75.33%落后很多。2005年，她再次[[2005年利比里亚总统大选|竞选总统]]，以59.4%得票率战胜40.6%的[[乔治·维阿]]，成功当选，2006年1月16日就任<ref>[http://gb.chinabroadcast.cn/8606/2006/01/16/1062@863401.htm 约翰逊－瑟利夫就任利比里亚内战后首任总统]{{dead link|date=2018年5月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>。她是第一个也是目前唯一的非洲女总统。
[[2010年1月]]，她在国会上宣布她会参加2011年的总统选举以谋求第二个任期<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm|title=Liberia President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf to stand again|accessdate=September 21, 2010|date=26 January 2010|work=[[BBC News]]|archive-date=2010-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129212446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8480344.stm|dead-url=no}}</ref>。而反对派则注意到她的这一表态与她2005年参选时表示的若当选则只任一届的承诺矛盾<ref>{{cite web | first=Joshua E. | last=Keating | url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen | title=The Men Who Would Be Queen | work=Foreign Policy | date=August 19, 2011 | accessdate=August 21, 2011 | archive-date=2011-09-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912004910/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/19/the_men_who_would_be_queen | dead-url=no }}</ref>。在2010年10月31日的联盟党代表大会上，她被推举为该党的总统候选人<ref name=Secterm>{{cite news|first=Varney|last=Kamara|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html|title=Sirleaf, Boakai Get Sec-Term Mandate|accessdate=2010-11-01|date=2010-11-01|work=[[allAfrica.com]]|archive-date=2010-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102141449/http://allafrica.com/stories/201011010544.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。同一天，她也提名现任副总统[[约瑟夫·博阿凯]]继续作为她的搭档一起参选<ref name=Secterm/>。
2011年总统大选第一轮投票于10月11日举行，71.8%选举人参与了投票，她获得43.9%的得票率，来自[[民主变革会议]](Congress for Democratic Change)的候选人[[温斯顿·杜伯曼]]获得32.7%位列第二。由于二人没有获得绝对多数，因此同年11月8日举行了第二轮投票。Tubman宣称瑟利夫的支持者垄断了第一轮投票，因此他呼吁他的支持者抵制第二轮投票，导致只有38%人参与投票。最终选举委员会于11月15日公布瑟利夫赢得90.7%的选票（她得到607,618张选票，杜伯曼获得62,207张）成功连任总统<ref>{{cite web | url=http://necliberia.org/admin/pg_img/20111115_NationalProgressiveResultsHandouts%20pdf.pdf | title=National Tally Center Tally Report | work=National Elections Commission | date=2011-11-15 | accessdate=2011-11-15 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425225833/http://necliberia.org/admin/pg_img/20111115_NationalProgressiveResultsHandouts%20pdf.pdf | archive-date=2012-04-25 | dead-url=yes }}</ref>。
2018年1月14日，團結黨宣佈已開除瑟利夫的黨籍，理由是她在[[2017年利比里亞大選|2017年總統選舉]]支持團結黨候選人[[约瑟夫·博阿凯]]的對手[[乔治·维阿]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2018-01/15/c_1122257237.htm |title=利比里亚总统瑟利夫因在总统选举中支持党外候选人被党内除名 |publisher=新華網 |date=2018-01-15 |accessdate=2018-01-15 |archive-date=2018-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115184624/http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2018-01/15/c_1122257237.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
=== 国际职务 ===
2020年7月9日，瑟里夫与新西兰前总理[[海伦·克拉克]]共同受委担任[[2019冠状病毒病]]大流行防范和应对独立小组（IPPR）联合主席<ref>{{Cite web|title=世卫成立独立调查小组评估疫情应对 11月提交中期报告|url=https://www.rfi.fr/cn/中国/20200709-世卫成立独立调查小组评估疫情应对-11月提中期报告|accessdate=2021-01-20|date=2020-07-09|work=RFI - 法国国际广播电台|language=zh-Hans}}</ref>。
== 家庭 ==
1956年她与James Sirleaf结婚，后来两人离婚{{when|date=September 2011}}。她有四个儿子和八个孙子女。她最大的侄子Emmanuel Sumana Elsar Sr在她2005年总统选举中担任政治顾问。
== 荣誉 ==
* 1988 [[羅斯福研究所]]的「言论自由奖」<ref>{{cite web |url=http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |title=Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |publisher=Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute |accessdate=2010-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821192903/http://merchant.videotex.net/common/news/reports/detail.cfm?QID=6330&ClientID=11005&topicID=232&classification=report |archivedate=2011-08-21 }}</ref>
* [[拉尔夫·本奇]]国际领袖奖
* 拯救利比里亞非洲之星司令（Grand commander Star of Africa Redemption of Liberia）
* [[多哥]]司令勳章（<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Commandeur de l'Ordre du Togo</span>）
* 2006 求同組織的求同獎（Common Ground Award, Search for Common Ground）<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |title=Common Ground Awards 2006 |publisher=Search for Common Ground |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728175807/http://www.sfcg.org/sfcg/awards/2006gallery.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2006 飢饉計劃的可持續終止飢饉非洲領袖獎得主<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.africaprize.org/06/ |title=President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: 2006 Africa Prize Laureate |publisher=The Hunger Project |year=2006 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2008-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326180439/http://africaprize.org/06/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
*2006 特聘研究員，[[埃默里大學]]的克勞斯·M.哈勒全球研究所<ref>{{cite web| url=http://halleinstitute.emory.edu/distinguished_fellows/sirleaf.html |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Halle Distinguished Fellow, September 12, 2006 |publisher=Emory University |accessdate=December 14, 2010}}</ref>
* 2006 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[马凯特大学]] <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |title=Honorary Degree Recipient: Her Excellency Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |publisher=Marquette University |date=October 23, 2006 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=2011-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904122022/http://www.marquette.edu/universityhonors/honors_sirleaf.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2006 獲Synergos頒發戴維洛克菲勒橋樑領袖獎<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |title=2006 David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award Honorees |publisher=Synergos |date=October 12, 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213171535/http://synergos.org/universityforanight/06/honorees.htm |archivedate=2011年12月13日 |accessdate=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2007 [[總統自由勳章]]<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=White House Office of the Press Secretary |url=http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html |title=President Bush Announces Recipients of Presidential Medal of Freedom |date=Oct 29, 2007 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027132729/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/10/20071029.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2008 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[印地安那大学]]（Indiana University Bloomington）<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html |title=Liberian president receiving honorary degree at IU Bloomington commencement |publisher=Indiana University |date=April 8, 2010 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085944/http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/7887.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2008 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[布朗大学]]<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf |title=Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to Receive Honorary Degree |publisher=Brown University |date=September 8, 2009 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061126/http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2008/09/sirleaf |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2009 獲EITI頒發獎項，讚揚其國家實行EITI方面步伐迅速<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html |title=Eiti Awards Government for Progress, As President Sirleaf Returns Home |publisher=AllAfrica.com |date=February 18, 2009 |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123013700/http://allafrica.com/stories/200902180838.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2009 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[坦帕大学]]（University of Tampa）<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx|title = UT Honorary Doctorate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Named Nobel Peace Prize Recipient|date = 7 October 2011|accessdate = 7 October 2011|publisher = The University of Tampa|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111017235634/http://www.ut.edu/Honorary-Doctorate-Ellen-Johnson-Sirleaf-Named-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Recipient.aspx|archive-date = 2011-10-17|dead-url = yes}}</ref>
* 2010 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[耶鲁大学]]<ref>{{cite news |first=Esther |last=Zuckerman |url=http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/ |title=Liberian president to receive honorary degree |work=Yale Daily News |date=May 23, 2010 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-06-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110606170654/http://www.yaledailynews.com/crosscampus/2010/05/23/liberian-president-receive-honorary-degree/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* 2010 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[罗格斯大学]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml/ |title=2010 Commencement/Convocations |publisher=Rutgers University |date=May 25, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701071217/http://commencement.rutgers.edu/honorarybio.shtml |archivedate=2010年7月1日 |accessdate=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2010 非洲編輯聯盟之非洲傳媒之友獎<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686 |title=President Sirleaf Receives African Editors Honor |publisher=The Executive Mansion |location=Monrovia |date=October 18, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122185835/http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1686 |archivedate=2010年11月22日 |access-date=2011年10月8日 }}</ref>
* 2011 荣誉[[法学博士]] - [[哈佛大学]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2011-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813183524/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/05/harvard-to-award-nine-honorary-degrees/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2011 非洲性別獎（African Gender Award）<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919 |script-title=en:'You Have Brought Honor to All African Women,’ Senegal’s Wade Says of President Johnson Sirleaf |publisher=The Executive Mansion |location=Monrovia |date=2011-06-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705052138/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/press.php?news_id=1919 |archivedate=2011-07-05 |access-date=2011-10-08 }}</ref>
*2011年10月7日，获得[[诺贝尔和平奖]]
*2012 [[英迪拉·甘地和平奖]]
== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Liberia Executive Mansion]（政府官方网站）
* [http://www.emansion.gov.lr/ Biography]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729171837/https://www.trcofliberia.org/ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia] includes final report
* {{C-SPAN|ellenjohnsonsirleaf}}
* {{Worldcat id|lccn-n92-52659}}
* {{NYTtopic|people/j/ellen_johnson_sirleaf}}
; 演讲
* Address to US Congress in Joint Session 15 March 2006 [http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=06052210238+4+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve TXT]{{dead link|date=2017年12月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=06052210238+4+1+0&WAISaction=retrieve PDF]{{dead link|date=2017年12月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060321185639/http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0321_liberia.html Sirleaf Speaks at U.S. Institute of Peace] 21 March 2006 (audio archive available)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070117071058/http://explore.georgetown.edu/news/?ID=19235 Liberian President Speaks to Georgetown Community] 17 October 2006
; 档案与采访
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/africa/4395978.stm Profile: Liberia's 'Iron Lady']on [[BBC News Online]], 23 November 2005
* [http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/ironladies/ Iron Ladies of Liberia], [[Independent Lens]] on [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]], 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111004164659/http://www.imow.org/wpp/stories/viewStory?storyId=924 Follow the Leader], interview with Ellen Johnson Sirleaf by the [[International Museum of Women]], April 2008
* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102865779 The 'Remarkable Life' Of Liberia's 'Iron Lady'], Dave Davies, interview on [[Fresh Air]], April 2009
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/08/ellen-johnson-sirleaf-100-women Top 100 Women in Politics: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf], Ermine Saner, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 8 March 2011
* {{cite web | url = http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/tue-april-21-2009/ellen-johnson-sirleaf | title = Ellen Johnson Sirleaf — The Daily Show with Jon Stewart | date = 2009-04-21 | accessdate = 2011-10-07 | publisher = The Daily Show with Jon Stewart | archive-date = 2011-11-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111112130652/http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/tue-april-21-2009/ellen-johnson-sirleaf | dead-url = no }}
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/elsewhere/journalist/story/0,7792,1595165,00.html 卫报]
* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-1866394,00.html 泰晤士报]
* [http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/news/world/13132018.htm Mercury News]
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{{succession box|[[查尔斯·久德·布赖恩特]]|[[乔治·维阿]]|[[利比里亚总统]]|2006年－2018年}}
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