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克里斯多福·馬羅

增加 4,084 位元組, 6 年前
创建页面,内容为“{{Link style|time=2015-12-11T09:12:27+00:00}} {{noteTA |1=zh:馬洛; zh-hans:马洛; zh-hant:馬羅;}} {{Infobox Writer <!-- for more information see :Template:Inf…”
{{Link style|time=2015-12-11T09:12:27+00:00}}
{{noteTA
|1=zh:馬洛; zh-hans:马洛; zh-hant:馬羅;}}
{{Infobox Writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]] -->
| name = 克里斯托弗·馬洛<br /><small>Christopher Marlowe</small>
| image = Marlowe-Portrait-1585.jpg
| caption = 於[[劍橋大學基督聖體學院]]的一幅畫,繪者不詳,畫中人相信是馬洛
| birthdate = 1564年2月26日[[領洗]]
| birthplace = [[英格蘭]][[坎特伯雷]]
| deathdate = {{death date and age|1593|5|30|1564|2|26|df=y}}
| deathplace = [[英格蘭]][[特福]]([[:en:Deptford, London|Deptford]])
| alma_mater = [[劍橋大學]][[劍橋大學基督聖體學院|基督聖體學院]]
| occupation = 劇作家、詩人
| nationality = 英格蘭
| period = 約1586年–93年
| movement = [[英格蘭文藝復興戲劇]]
| debut_work = [[Dido, Queen of Carthage]]
| influenced = [[威廉·莎士比亞]]
| signature = Christopher Marlowe Signature.svg }}
'''克里斯托弗·馬洛'''({{lang-en|Christopher Marlowe}}<ref>"Christopher Marlowe was baptised as 'Marlow,' but he spelled his name 'Marley' in his one known surviving signature." David Kathman. [http://shakespeareauthorship.com/name1.html#3 "The Spelling and Pronunciation of Shakespeare's Name: Pronunciation."]</ref>,{{bd|1564年||1593年|5月30日|catIdx=Marlowe}}),英國[[伊丽莎白一世 (英格兰)|伊莉莎白年代]]的[[劇作家]]、詩人及[[翻譯]]家,為[[莎士比亞]]的同代人物。馬洛以寫作[[無韻詩]](blank verse)及[[悲劇]]聞名,亦有學者認為他在生時比莎士比亞更出名<ref>Robert A. Logan, ''Shakespeare's Marlowe'' (2007) p.4. "During Marlowe's lifetime, the popularity of his plays, Robert Greene's...remarks...including the designation "famous," and the many imitations of ''Tamburlaine'' suggest that he was for a brief time considered England's foremost dramatist."</ref>。

1593年5月18日,英國政府下令通緝馬洛,但卻並沒有列出任何理由。同月20日,馬洛於被帶到[[英國樞密院]]前接受審訊,其後需要每天向他們報到。10天後,馬洛與Ingram Frizer等人爭執期間,被Ingram Frizer用匕首刺死。到了現在,仍沒有人知道他的死與樞密院的審問有沒有關連。<ref>Nicholl, Charles (2006). "By my onely meanes sett downe: The Texts of Marlow's Atheism", in Kozuka, Takashi and Mulryne, J.R. ''Shakespeare, Marlowe, Jonson: new directions in biography''. Ashgate Publishing, p. 153.</ref>

==生平==
===早年===
馬羅在英格蘭東南部的[[坎特伯雷]]出生,父親John Marlowe為造鞋匠,母親名Catherine。<ref>This is commemorated by the name of the town's main theatre, the [[Marlowe Theatre]], and by the town museums. However, St. George's was gutted by fire in the [[Baedeker raids]] and was demolished in the post-war period - only the tower is left, at the south end of Canterbury's High Street {{cite web |url=http://www.digiserve.com/peter/cant-sgm1.htm |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2010-12-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061019111934/http://www.digiserve.com/peter/cant-sgm1.htm |archivedate=2006-10-19 }}</ref>馬羅的出生日期不詳,但因為當時嬰兒在出生後必須受洗,而馬羅的領洗日期為1564年2月26日,所以假定他於1564年2月中出生。

馬羅中學畢業於[[坎特伯雷國王學校]](The King's School, Canterbury),其後拿獎學金進入[[劍橋大學]][[劍橋大學基督聖體學院|基督聖體學院]]就讀,於1584年畢業<ref>[http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search.pl?sur=&suro=c&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&tex=MRLW580C&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50 Marlowe, Christopher] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013081657/http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search.pl?sur=&suro=c&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&tex=MRLW580C&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50 |date=2012-10-13 }} in Venn, J. & J. A., Alumni Cantabrigienses, Cambridge University Press, 10 vols, 1922–1958.</ref>。
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