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頻率副詞檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

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頻率副詞一般用來表示動作發生的頻率。往往放在句子中間,實意動詞之前,非實意動詞之後;非實意動詞分為1.系動詞be. 2.助動詞(幫助動詞構成時態,如:do,does,will,shall,have,had,has). 3.情態動詞(must,can,may等)。除此之外,都叫做實意動詞

常見頻度副詞按頻率大小排列如下:always(100%)>

usually(80%)>often(60%)>sometimes(40%)>

seldom(20%)>hardly(10%)>rarely,never(1%)>never(0%)[1]

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口訣

頻率副詞位置記憶口訣:

be後

實動前

助主間

對頻率提問用how often或how many times[2]

舉例

1.頻率副詞是表示與次數,頻率有關的副詞,如:

always(總是), usually(通常),frequently(經常) often (經常)sometimes(有時), seldom(不常),rarely(很少),never(從不) once(一次), twice(兩次),等。

2.頻率副詞等級 :

all the time 100%;

almost , always 90%;

generally , usually 80%;

often , frequently 60-70%;

as often as not 40-50%;

sometimes , at times 20-30%;

occasionally , from time to time 10%;

hardly , seldom , rarely 5%;

never 0%。

3.頻率副詞用在be動詞後。

He was always late.

他以前經常遲到。

4.頻率副詞用在實意動詞前。

My father usually walks home.

我的父親經常步行回家。

5.頻率副詞用在助動詞與實意動詞之間。

I will always love you.

我將永遠愛你。

6.頻率副詞用在ought to之間。

You ought often to write to your mother.

你應該常給你母親寫信。

7.在答句中,頻率副詞必須放在助動詞前。

Do you often go there?

你常去那裡嗎?

(誤)Yes, I do often.

是的,我常去。

(正)Yes, I often do.

是的,我常去。

8.never(從不), seldom(很少,不常)用於句首時,句子要用倒裝形式以加強語氣。

Never have I been there.

我從未去過那裡。

Seldom do I watch TV.

我很少看電視。

9.sometimes(有時)和usually(通常)可以放在句前和句末。

Sometimes I go to school by bus.

我有時坐公交車上學

I go to school by bike usually.

我通常騎車上學。

用法

一.在否定句中的用法

在否定句中,有的頻度副詞位於否定詞之前或之後均可,而有的頻度副詞則必須位於否定詞之後,還有的頻度副詞卻必須要位於否定詞之前。大致情況如下:

1. 頻度副詞usually和often可位於 否定詞not之前或之後。

他們不常開這樣的晚會。

正:They don』t often hold such parties.

正:They often don』t hold such parties.

星期日我們一般不在9點以前起床。

正:We don』t usually get up before nine on Sundays.

正:We usually don』t get up before nine on Sundays.

在 否定句中,頻度副詞用於句中或句首,有時會導致意思不同。

He doesn』t usually sleep for two days at a time. 他很少一連睡兩天。

Usually he doesn』t sleep for two days at a time. 他連續兩天不睡覺是常事。

2. 頻度副詞always總是位於否定詞之後,不可位於否定詞之前。

Things are not always what they seem to be. 外表往往是靠不住的。

Silence must not always be read as consent. 沉默並不見得一定意味着同意。

3. 頻度副詞sometimes總是位於否定詞之前,不可位於否定詞之後。

Jim is sometimes not very punctual. 吉姆有時不太準時。

Debbie is sometimes not responsible for what she does. 黛比有時對她所做的事不負責任。

二.位於句末的用法

1.sometimes常可用於句末。 如:

We all get into trouble sometimes. 我們有時都會遇到麻煩。

You can』t work all the time,it does you good to go out and enjoy yourself sometimes.

你不能總是工作,有時出去放鬆一下會對你有好處。

2. often有時可置於句末,但通常會帶有very, quite, fairly, more, so等修飾語。如:

We』ve been there quite often. 我們經常去那裡。

When I was young, I used to play tennis very often. 我年輕時經常打網球。

Diana used to travel a lot. These days she doesn』t go away so often.

戴安娜過去經常旅遊。這些天她不常出門了。

We're not exactly on intimate terms, but we see each other fairly often.

雖算不上關係密切,但還常見面。

註:有時也可不帶修飾語,但主要見於否定句或疑問句。如:

He writes to me often. 他經常給我寫信。

Do you come here often? 你常來這兒嗎?

I don』t come here often. 我不常來這兒。

3. usually有時也用於句末,其前不用修飾語。

I』m not late, usually. 我通常不遲到。

I get paid on Fridays usually. 我通常在星期五領工資。

4.seldom 一般不用於句末,除非其前帶有only,very等修飾。

We go out very seldom. 我們絕少外出。

I play basketball very seldom indeed. 我很少打籃球。

5. always一般不用於句末,偶爾用於句末,此時它不表法「總是」,而表示「永遠」。

I』ll love you always. 我將永遠愛你。

另外,有時用於句末是因為句子有所省略的緣故。

Generally they walked together on Sunday, but not always.

他們一般在星期日一起散步,但並不總是如此。

句中的but not always=but they didn』t always walk together on Sunday。

三.位於句首的用法

1. sometimes常可用於句首。

Sometimes she comes late. 有時她來得晚。

Sometimes she didn』t agree with me. 有時她和我意見不一致。

Sometimes we get a lot of rain in August. 有時在8月份 雨水很大。

2. often用於句首時,通常表示強調,且其前一般有quite, very修飾。

Very often he comes in late. 他常常遲到。

Quite often the phone rings when I』m in the bath. 電話經常在我洗澡時響。

3.usually有時也用於句首,其前不用修飾語。

Usually I get up early. 我平時起得早。

Sometimes he comes by bus, but usually he comes by taxi.

有時他坐公共汽車來,不過他通常還是打的來。

Usually cooking pots have two small handles but pans have one long handle.

通常地深底煮鍋有兩隻把手而平底鍋只有一個長長的把手。

4.always一般不用於句首,除非是用在祈使句中。

Always remember this. 請時刻記住這一點。

Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光鏡再開車。

另外,never也可用於祈使句的句首。

Never tell him the news. 千萬不要告訴他這消息。

Never ask her about her marriage. 決不要問她結婚的事。

5.在正式文體中,表示否定意義的副詞seldom, never可位於句首,但此時其後要用倒裝語序。

Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 過去很少有過這樣愉快的會議。

Never did he think the book would be finished so soon. 他可沒想到這本書會這麼快看完。

另外,once a year (每年一次), twice a week (每周兩次), three times a day (一天三次), every Saturday afternoon

(每星期六下午)等,這些時間狀語也表示頻率,它們可以和頻度副詞用在同一個句子中,表達上沒有重複。如:

We usually go to the cinema four times a month. 我們通常一個月看四次電影。

參考文獻