美麗相思子檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
美麗相思子 |
中文學名:美麗相思子 拉丁學名:Abrus pulchellus Wall. ex Thwaites 別 稱:土甘草 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae 目:薔薇目 Rosales 亞 目:豆亞目 Leguminosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 屬:相思子屬 Abrus |
美麗相思子(měi lì xiāng sī zǐ,學名 Abrus pulchellus Wall. ex Thwaites,俗名:土甘草、雞血藤,異名:Abrus stictospermus Abrus tenuiflorus Abrus pulchellus subsp. tenuiflorus ,為豆科相思子屬的一種,攀援藤本。莖枝細弱,被稀疏黃色糙伏毛。生於河谷岸邊灌叢或平原疏林中,海拔400-3000米。產廣西、雲南。 [1]
美麗相思子形態特徵
攀援藤本。莖枝細弱,被稀疏黃色糙伏毛。
羽狀複葉互生;小葉6-10對,膜質,近長圓形,長 0.7-3厘米,寬0.4-1厘米,先端截形,具小尖頭,基部近圓形,上面無毛,下面被稀疏白色糙伏毛;小葉柄短。總狀花序腋生;總花梗長3-10厘米,花序軸粗短;
花小,長0.6-0.8厘米,密集成頭狀;萼鍾狀,萼齒4淺裂,被白色糙伏毛;花冠粉紅色或紫色;雄蕊9。
莢果長圓形,長5-6.5厘米,寬0.8-1.5厘米,成熟時開裂,密被平伏白毛,有種子6-12粒;
種子橢圓形,黑褐色,具光澤,種阜明顯,環狀,種臍有孔。 [2]
Abrus pulchellus Wall. [Cat. n. 5819. 1831, nom. nud.] ex Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 91. 1859; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 175. 1876; Gagnep. in Lecome, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 359. 1916;中國主要植物圖說·豆科640.圖629. 1955; Verdc. in Kew. Bull. 24: 246. 1970.——A. fruticulosus auct. non Wight et Arn. : Breteler in Blumea 10: 612. 1960, p. p.
Lianas, climbing. Stem slender, sparsely yellow strigose or villous. Leaves paripinnate, alternate; leaflets 6-10-paired, op-posite; petiolule short; blades suboblong, oblong, or obovate-oblong, 0.5-3 × 0.3-1 cm, membranous, sparsely white strigose or densely white villous abaxially, glabrous or pilose adaxially, rounded or subcordate at base, truncate and with mucro at apex. Racemes axillary, 3-10 cm. Flowers dense, 3-9 mm. Calyx campanulate, 4-toothed, white strigose or densely gray villous. Corolla pink, purple, or purple-red. Stamens 9. Legumes ob-long, (2-)5-6.5 × 0.8-1.5 cm, densely white hairy, dehiscent, with 4-12 seeds. Seeds black-brown or black, lustrous to slightly lustrous, elliptic or ovoid, compressed.
Forests, hill slopes; 200-3000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indo-nesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philip-pines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
美麗相思子分布範圍
產廣西、雲南。生於河谷岸邊灌叢或平原疏林中,海拔400-3000米。錫金、斯里蘭卡、馬來西亞、幾內亞也有分布。 [3]
美麗相思子主要價值
葉、根可藥用。花果有毒。