緊序黍檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

緊序黍

來自 植物智 的圖片

界：植物界 門：被子植物門 綱：單子葉植物綱 目：禾本目 科：禾本科 屬：黍屬

緊序黍(jǐn xù shǔ)，學名Panicum auritum J. Presl ex Nees，俗名：長耳膜稃草，異名：Hymenachne insulicola Sacciolepis insulicola Panicum insulicola Hymenachne aurita ，禾本目，禾木科植物，多年生。稈高50-100厘米，直徑2-4毫米，節膨大，下部節上生根。葉鞘短於節間，邊緣密生疣基纖毛；葉舌短，長約0.5毫米；葉片質地較硬，長10-20厘米，寬4-8毫米，頂端長漸尖，無毛，基部稍圓形，與葉舌相連處密生柔毛。產福建、雲南、海南（崖縣、東方等縣）；生於水旁、海邊及林緣或疏林下。

形態特徵

多年生。稈高50-100厘米，直徑2-4毫米，節膨大，下部節上生根。葉鞘短於節間，邊緣密生疣基纖毛；葉舌短，長約0.5毫米；葉片質地較硬，長10-20厘米，寬4-8毫米；

頂端長漸尖，無毛，基部稍圓形，與葉舌相連處密生柔毛。圓錐花序長10-15厘米，分枝長1-4厘米，直立或斜升，較疏散；小穗柄長約1毫米，微粗糙，簇生穗軸一側；

小穗草黃色，卵狀披針形，長2-2.2毫米，寬約1毫米，頂端尖；第一穎廣卵形；第二穎與第一外稃近等長，草質，具5脈，近平滑；第二外稃長約2毫米，薄紙質，黃綠色，頂端尖。花果期8-10月。

Hymenachne aurita (J. Presl ex Nees) Balansa; H. insuli-cola (Steudel) L. Liu; Panicum insulicola Steudel; Sacciolepis insulicola (Steudel) Ohwi.

Perennial, rhizomatous. Culms geniculately ascending, branched, up to 4 m long, nodes glabrous. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, glabrous, sometimes ciliate on margins and at throat, striate; leaf blades linear, 10–60 × 0.5–2.5(–3.5) cm, glabrous, base cordate, apex acuminate; ligule short, membranous, ca. 0.5 mm.

Panicle contracted to spikelike, 10–45 cm; branches appressed, glabrous, scabrid. Spikelets lanceolate or elliptic, 2–3 mm, glabrous, acute; lower glume ovate, 1/3 length of spikelet, membranous, 3-veined;

upper glume as long as spikelet, 5–7-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea poorly developed; upper floret as long as spikelet, pale yellow, smooth, shiny. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.

分類文獻

長耳膜稃草（禾本科圖說）圖版92：6-10

Hymenachne insulicola (Steud.) L. Liou, comb. , nov.——Panicum insulicola Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 78. 1854.——Sacciolepis insulicola (Steud. ) Onwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. no. 18: 3. 1947; Back. et al. Fl. Java 3: 557. 1968.——Hymenachne aurita auct. non (Presl ex Nees) Balanea 1890:中國主要植物圖說 禾本科691, 圖636. 1959; 海南植物志4: 428. 1977.

產地生境

產福建、雲南、海南（崖縣、東方等縣）；生於水旁、海邊及林緣或疏林下。印度、斯里蘭卡、爪哇、馬來西亞有分布。模式標本采自菲律賓。

辨析

Panicum auritum may be confused with Hymenachne amplexicaulis, since both species have a similarly contracted panicle. The Hy-menachne may be distinguished by the membranous upper lemma, which clasps the palea only at the base, leaving it free at the apex, and by the larger spikelets 4.5–6 mm.