粵柳檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
粵柳 |
中文名:粵柳 學 名:Salix mesnyi Hance 界:植物界 門:被子植物門Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱Dicotyledoneae 目:楊柳目Julianiales 科:楊柳科Salicaceae 屬:柳屬Salix 種:粵柳 |
粵柳(學名:Salix mesnyi Hance),是楊柳科、柳屬小喬木,樹皮淡黃灰色,片狀剝裂;當年生枝先端密生鏽色短柔毛,後變禿淨,褐色。芽大,短圓錐形,微被短柔毛,背面較密。 分布於中國廣東、廣西、福建、江西、浙江及江蘇南部。多生長於低山地區的溪流旁。 [1]
粵柳形態特徵
小喬木,樹皮淡黃灰色,片狀剝裂;當年生枝先端密生鏽色短柔毛,後變禿淨,褐色。芽大,短圓錐形,微被短柔毛,背面較密。
葉革質,長圓形,狹卵形或長圓狀披針形,長7-9(-11)厘米,寬3-4(-5)厘米,先端長漸尖或尾尖,基部圓形或近心形,稀寬楔形,上面亮綠色,下面稍淡,近無毛,幼葉兩面有銹色短柔毛,沿中脈更密,葉脈明顯突起,呈網狀,葉緣有粗腺鋸齒;葉柄長1-1.5厘米,幼葉柄上密生鏽色毛,後無毛。
雄花序長4-5厘米;軸有密灰白色短柔毛;雄蕊5-6,花絲基部有疏柔毛,花葯卵圓形,黃色;苞片寬卵圓形,先端鈍圓,內面及邊緣有短柔毛,外面近無毛;腺體2,先端常有分裂;雌花序長約3-6.5厘米;
子房卵狀圓錐形,長約4毫米,花柱短,2裂,柱頭2裂;苞片同雄花,長為子房柄的1-2倍;花僅有腹腺,微抱柄。
蒴果卵形,無毛。花期3月,果期4月。 [2]
Salix mesnyi Hance in Journ. Bot. 20: 38. 1882; Dunn & Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. add. ser. 10: 255 (Fl. Kwangtung & Hongk.). 1913; Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 95. 1916;侯寬昭, 廣州植物志, 378. 1956.
Trees small; bark yellowish gray, exfoliating. Juvenile branchlets brown, rust-colored pubescent at apex, glabrescent. Buds shortly conical, large, pubescent. Petiole 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade oblong, narrowly ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, 7-9(-11) × 3-4(-5) cm, leathery, abaxially light colored, subglabrous, adaxially bright green, both surfaces rust-colored pubescent when young, base rounded or subcordate, rarely broadly cuneate, margin coarsely glandular serrate, apex acuminate or caudate; veins evident. Male catkin 4-5 cm; rachis pubescent; bracts broadly ovate, pubescent, abaxially subglabrous, apex obtuse. Male flower: glands usually lobed; stamens 5 or 6; filaments pilose at base; anthers yellow, ovoid. Female catkin 3-6.5 cm; bracts as in male catkin, 1-2 × as long as stipe. Female flower: adaxial gland slightly clasping stipe; ovary ovoid-conical, ca. 4 mm; style short, 2-cleft; stigma 2-cleft. Fl. Mar, fr. Apr.
粵柳生長環境
多生長於低山地區的溪流旁。 潮濕地水旁, 稻田邊, 溝邊, 路邊, 路邊水旁, 平原, 丘陵田野, 山地沼澤, 山腳, 山坡, 濕地, 水邊, 溪邊 , 溪邊路旁, 陽坡水邊, 沼澤地。