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 矮赤箭莎

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界;植物界

  • 綱;單子葉植物綱
  • 目;莎草目
  • 科;莎草科
  • 族;刺子莞族
  • 種;矮赤箭莎

矮赤箭莎(ǎi chì jiàn suō),學名 Schoenus apogon Roemer & Schultes,疏叢生草本,具粗而長的鬚根。稈直立,圓柱狀,通常高85厘米,直徑1.2-4毫米,無毛。產於台灣台中市;生長於沼澤地中,海拔約330米。 [1]

形態特徵

疏叢生草本,具粗而長的鬚根。

稈直立,圓柱狀,通常高85厘米,直徑1.2-4毫米,無毛,有槽,基部被有枯萎的葉鞘,葉鞘紫紅色或黑血紅色,後來黑色。

葉基生和稈生,鞘長3-4厘米,基部寬5-10毫米,具多數肋條,無葉舌;葉片線形,寬1-5毫米,邊緣粗糙,具7條脈,脈在背面隆起;稈生葉1-3片,遠離,較短,具鞘;鞘紅棕色,口偏斜,邊緣膜質,由下而上漸短,下部的長約3.5厘米,上部的1.5-2.2厘米。

苞片葉狀,由下而上漸短小,具鞘,鞘棕色或棕紅色;狹圓錐花序鬆散,具6-10個分枝,分枝花序通常1-3個從同一苞片的鞘中生出;小穗直立,扁,多少具小穗柄,披針形,長7-8毫米,棕色,具6-7片鱗片;鱗片二列,卵狀披針形至卵形,邊緣幾白色,背面具黃綠色龍骨狀突起,頂端細尖或具短尖或微凹,下部2-3片鱗片內無花,無花鱗片長為小穗的1/3;有花鱗片背面的龍骨狀突起粗糙;下位剛毛3條,纖細,具短柔毛,最上面的花無下位剛毛;雄蕊3,花絲帶狀,花葯栗棕色,線形,早落,藥隔突出於花葯頂端;花柱長几與鱗片相等,柱頭3,被短柔毛。

堅果倒卵形,棕色,長1-1 1/3毫米,三稜形,無喙,表面有明顯的網紋,頂端有白色糙伏毛。花果期5-7月。

FOC >> Vol.23 (2010) >> Cyperaceae >> Schoenus 3.Schoenus apogon Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 2: 77. 1817. 矮赤箭莎 ai chi jian suo

Annuals or short-lived perennials, slender. Roots fibrous. Culms tufted, 20-40 cm tall, 0.5-1 mm thick, mostly 2-nodose, smooth. Leaves basal and cauline.

Cauline leaves 2, shorter than culm; sheath reddish purple, 1-2 cm; leaf blade capillary, ca. 0.5 mm wide. Involucral bracts surpassing inflorescence; sheath reddish purple, 0.5-1 cm.

Inflorescences consisting of 2-5 distant corymbiform partial panicles, each bearing several sessile and shortly pedunculate spikelets; partial panicles 0.8-1.5 cm and as broad.

Spikelets reddish brown, narrowly ovoid, 4-6 mm, flattened, 1- or 2(or 3)-flowered. Glumes sanguineous with pale margin, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 mm, papery, apex obtuse; basal 2 or 3 glumes empty, rather short.

Perianth bristles 6, ca. 2 mm, antrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3. Style ca. 1.5 mm, base glabrous; stigmas 3, as long as style. Nutlet whitish, globose-obovoid, ca. 1 mm, obtusely 3-sided, sides convex, shiny, and minutely reticulate. Fl. and fr. May.

產地生境

Moist coastal grasslands; near sea level. W Taiwan (Taizhong) [Japan, Vietnam; Australia].

辨析

This is a very rare species in Taiwan with only one collection at the TAI herbarium, collected in May 1906 and obtained from the MAK herbarium.This is a very rare species in Taiwan with only one collection at the TAI herbarium, collected in May 1906 and obtained from the MAK herbarium.

標本鑑定信息

學名 Schoenus apogon Roem. et Schult. 中文名 矮赤箭莎 鑑定人 鑑定時間

採集信息

採集人 D.J.E.Whibley 採集號 7491 採集時間 19801016 採集地 澳大利亞 海拔 0 生境 習性 物候期 有花無果

參考文獻

  1. 矮赤箭莎(chì jiàn suō)」,植物智, 2018-08-19