柔毛網脈崖爬藤檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
柔毛網脈崖爬藤 |
中文學名:柔毛網脈崖爬藤 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:鼠李目 |
柔毛網脈崖爬藤(róu máo wǎng mài yá pá téng,學名 Tetrastigma retinervium var. pubescens C.L.Li),木質藤本,小枝圓柱形,有縱棱紋,無毛。卷鬚2叉分枝,相隔2節間斷與葉對生。 [1]
柔毛網脈崖爬藤形態特徵
木質藤本,小枝圓柱形,有縱棱紋,無毛。卷鬚2叉分枝,相隔2節間斷與葉對生。
葉為3小葉,小葉卵圓形、卵橢圓形或長橢圓形,長7-15厘米,寬4-7厘米,頂端急尖或短尾尖,基部圓形或近圓形,有時中央小葉闊楔形,側小葉基部不對稱,邊緣每側有4-9個粗或細牙齒,上面綠色,下面淺綠色,兩面均無毛;
側脈5-8對,網脈兩面明顯突出;葉柄長(3) 4-9厘米,中央小葉柄長(0.8) 1.5-3厘米,側生小葉柄長 (0.3) 1-1.5厘米,無毛。花序腋生,復二歧聚傘狀或二級分枝4,集生成傘形;
花序梗長3-5.5厘米,下部幾無毛,上部疏被短柔毛;花梗長1-2毫米,被短柔毛,稀幾無毛;花蕾卵圓形,高1.5-2.5毫米,頂端圓形;萼淺碟形,邊緣有波狀小齒,外面疏被乳突狀毛,稀幾無毛;
花瓣4,卵橢圓形,高1.3-2.3毫米,頂端呈帽狀,外面被乳突狀毛,稀幾無毛;雄蕊4,在雌花內雄蕊顯著短而敗育;花盤在雌花中不明顯,呈環狀;子房下部與花盤合生,花柱不明顯,柱頭4裂。
果實橢球形,長0.6-0.7厘米,寬0.5-0.6厘米,有種子1顆;種子橢球形,種臍在背面呈狹帶形,從基部向上接近種子頂端,兩側有鈍的橫肋,腹面中棱脊凹陷,兩側窪穴呈溝狀,接近中部向上斜展達種子頂端。
花期4-5月,果期8-9月。 [2]
分類
Tetrastigma retinervium Planch. var. pubescens C. L. Li in Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 1(4): 316. 1995. ——T. retinervium auct. non Planch. (1887.): W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(3): 94. 1979 et in Guihaia 8(2): 116. 1988; 雲南種子植物名錄上冊 802. 1984.
英文介紹
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, glabrous; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole (3-)4-9 cm; central petiolule (0.8-)1.5-3 cm, lateral petiolules (0.3-)1-1.5 cm, glabrous; leaflets oval, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, 7-15 × 4-7 cm, glabrous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, veinlets raised, base rounded or subrounded, sometimes central leaflet broadly cuneate, base of lateral leaflets asymmetric, margin with 4-9 teeth on each side, apex acute or mucronate. Compound dichasium or umbel axillary; peduncle 3-5.5 cm, lower part nearly glabrous, upper part sparsely pubescent. Pedicel 1-2 mm, pubescent, rarely subglabrate. Buds oval, 1.5-2.5 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, papillose, rarely subglabrate, margin with undulate teeth. Petals 4, ovate-elliptic, 1.3-2.3 mm, apex galeate, papillose, rarely subglabrate. Stamen short, abortive in female flowers. Disk inconspicuous and annular in female flowers. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; style inconspicuous; stigma 4-lobed. Berry elliptic, 6-7 × 5-6 mm, 1-seeded. Seed elliptic, ventral holes furrowed from middle to apex. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Forests or shrublands on hillsides; 400-1500 m. Guangxi, Yunnan.
Tetrastigma retinervium var. retinervium is known only from Vietnam.
柔毛網脈崖爬藤生長環境
生長於海拔400-1500米的山坡林下或灌叢中。
柔毛網脈崖爬藤分布範圍
柔毛網脈崖爬藤物種區別
過去中國有的學者曾將本變種定為原變種網脈崖爬藤T. retinervium Planch., 但本變種不同於原變種在於,花序梗和花梗被短柔毛、萼和花瓣乳突狀毛,稀脫落幾無毛,可以區別。