川鄂柳檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 川鄂柳 |
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中文名:川鄂柳 界:植物界 門:被子植物門Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱Dicotyledoneae 目:楊柳目 Salicales 科:楊柳科Salicaceae 屬:柳屬Salix 種:川鄂柳 |
川鄂柳(chuān è liǔ，學名 Salix fargesii Burk.)，是柳屬小喬木；小枝紫色，無毛。葉窄卵形或近橢圓形，長7-15厘米，寬4-6厘米，邊緣有微鋸齒，上面無毛，下面葉脈疏生柔毛或絲毛，側脈11-18對，網脈顯明。 [1]
川鄂柳形態特徵
川鄂柳， 喬木或灌木。當年生小枝通常僅基部有絲狀毛。芽頂端有疏毛。
葉橢圓形或狹卵形，長達11厘米，寬達6厘米，先端急尖至圓形，基部圓形至楔形，邊緣有細腺鋸齒，上面暗綠色，無毛或多少有柔毛，下面淡綠色，特別是脈上被白色長柔毛，側脈16-20對；葉柄長達1.5厘米，初有絲狀毛，後變為無毛，通常有數枚腺體。
花序長6-8厘米，花序梗長1-3厘米，有正常葉，軸有疏絲狀毛；苞片窄倒卵形，頂端圓，長約1毫米，密被長柔毛，緣毛較苞片為長；雄蕊2，無毛；腹腺長方形，長約0.5毫米，背腺甚小，寬卵形；
子房有長毛，有短柄，花柱長約1毫米，上部2裂，柱頭2裂；僅1腹腺，寬卵形，長約半毫米。
果序長12厘米；蒴果長圓狀卵形，有毛，有短柄。 [2]
Salix fargesii Burk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 528. 1899:陳嶸, 中國樹木分類學, 127. 1937; 中國高等植物圖鑑, 1: 362.圖723. 1972.
Trees or shrubs. Juvenile branchlets with filamentous hairs at base. Buds pilose at apex. Petiole to 1.5 cm, usually with several glands; leaf blade elliptic or narrowly ovate, ca. 11 × 6 cm, abaxially greenish, white villous along veins, adaxially dull green, glabrous or ± downy, base rounded to cuneate, margin glandular serrulate, apex acute to rounded; lateral veins 16-20 on each side of midvein. Catkins 6-8 cm; peduncle 1-3 cm, with leaflets; bracts narrowly obovate, ca. 1 mm, densely villous, apex rounded. Male flower: adaxial gland rectangular, abaxial gland broadly ovate, very small; stamens 2, glabrous. Fruiting catkin to 12 cm. Female flower: adaxial gland broadly ovate; ovary long pubescent or glabrous, shortly stipitate; style ca. 1 mm, 2-lobed; stigma 2-cleft. Capsule oblong-ovoid, pilose or glabrous, shortly stipitate.
- Mountains; 1400-1600 m. Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan
In the original description of Salix fargesii, the ovary was described as pilose; however, because glabrous ovaries were found in the isotypes by K. O. Seemen (Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 277. 1900), his opinion was that the ovary of the type was glabrous. According to observations of the authors, as well as many other collections from the type location, the ovaries are either of two forms: pilose or glabrous. Therefore, it seems that the type collection (A. Henry 5678) is probably a mixture of these forms. The authors follow I. H. Burkill’s opinion, and treat the form with the pilose ovary as the autonymic variety. The name Salix fargesii var. hypotricha N. Chao (Bull. For. Pl. Res. 3: 5. 1985), requires further study as to its identity.
川鄂柳生長環境
川鄂柳生長於海拔1400-1600米地區。
川鄂柳分布範圍
川鄂柳產自四川、湖北、陝西、甘肅等省。模式標本采自四川東部。