小花使君子檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
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中文學名:小花使君子 拉丁學名:Quisqualis caudata 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:桃金娘目 亞 目:桃金娘亞目 科:使君子科 屬:使君子屬 |
小花使君子，拉丁文名：Quisqualis caudata Craib. 使君子科、使君子屬大藤本；小枝黃褐色，被銹色柔毛；葉對生，先端漸尖，基部圓形，表面無毛；葉柄粗短，有膨大的關節。穗狀花序，密集。花期1月。 [1]
小花使君子形態特徵
大藤本；小枝黃褐色，被銹色柔毛；葉對生，葉片紙質，長圓形，長5-8厘米， 小花使君子 寬2-3厘米，先端漸尖，基部圓形，表面無毛，被細小的白色乳突，背面除中肋有疏毛、脈腋有簇毛，外無毛；葉柄粗短，長3-4毫米，有膨大的關節。
穗狀花序，密集；苞片葉狀，寬披針形，長5-10毫米，被絨毛；萼管長17-24毫米，萼齒三角狀披針形，頂端有小尖突，深紅色或淡紅色；雄蕊10,花葯長0.8毫米，無花盤；子房下位，1室。
果卵形，長約2.5厘米，有光澤，無毛，具明顯的棱，成熟時黑色；種子1枚。花期1月。 [2]
Quisqualis caudata Craib in Kew Bull. 164. 1930 et Fl. Siam. Enum. 1 (1): 622. 1931; 雲南植物志1: 85. 1977.
Sphalanthus confertus Jack, Malayan Misc. 2(7): 55. 1822; Quisqualis densiflora Wallich ex Miquel.
Branchlets brown pilose. Petiole 3-7 mm, with an inflated joint near base, brown pilose; leaf blade oblong, 5-13 × 2-5.5 cm, abaxially glabrous except sparsely pilose on midvein and with denser hairs in axils of lateral veins, adaxially glabrous and finely white verruculose, base rounded, apex acuminate. Inflorescences dense; bracts leaflike, lanceolate, 5-12 × 2-4 mm, brown pilose, becoming sparsely so. Calyx tube 1.7-2.4 cm, brown pilose; lobes triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, apex cuspidate, cusp filiform, 1-3 mm, often recurved. Petals opening dark red or reddish, oblong-elliptic, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm. Fruit glossy black when ripe, ovoid, conspicuously 5-ridged, ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous. Fl. Jan.
Dense forests, wetlands; 400-1100 m. Yunnan [Cambodia, Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, Thailand, S Vietnam].
Records of Quisqualis caudata Craib from Yunnan (e.g., in FRPS 53(1): 17. 1984) are based on misidentifications of Q. conferta. Quisqualis caudata is endemic to Thailand and differs in having calyx lobes with an apical cusp not more than 1 mm and not recurved.
小花使君子生長環境
生於海拔400-1050米的密林濕地。