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鸟足乌蔹莓

中文学名:鸟足乌蔹莓

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

亚 纲:原始花被亚纲

目:鼠李目

鸟足乌蔹莓(niǎo zú wū liǎn méi,学名 Cayratia pedata (Lamk.) Juss. ex Gagnep.,异名:Lagenula pedata Columella padata Cayratia longzhouensis Cissus pedata Columella pedata ),木质藤本,小枝圆柱形,有纵棱纹,被疏柔毛。卷须2叉分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。产于广西云南[1]

鸟足乌蔹莓形态特征

鸟足乌蔹莓 龙州乌蔹莓(广西植物)七叶大麻藤(云南种子植物名录)图版11:2-6

Cayratia pedata (Lamk) Juss. ex Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 346. 1910; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 91. 1979 in clavi; 云南种子植物名录上册793. 1984.——Cissus pedata Lamk. Encycl. 1: 31. 1783.——C. lougzhoueusis W. T. Wang in Guihaia 8 (2): 115.图1-2. 1988.

叶为鸟足状5小叶,中央小叶倒卵椭圆形,侧生小叶卵椭圆形,长5-22厘米,宽2.5-9厘米,顶端尾状渐尖,基部近截形、圆形或微心形,边缘有不规则锯齿,上面绿色,伏生疏短柔毛,下面浅绿色,被疏柔毛;

侧脉6-11对,网脉不明显突出;叶柄长5.5-16厘米,中央小叶柄长1.5-5厘米,侧生小叶柄长2-4厘米,侧生小叶总柄长1-3.5厘米,被疏柔毛;

托叶膜质,褐色,卵披针形,长3-4毫米,宽1.5-3毫米,被稀疏柔毛。

花序腋生,下部有节,为伞房状多歧聚伞花序;花序梗长15-16厘米,被疏柔毛;花梗长2-3毫米,密被短柔毛;花蕾卵圆形,高2-2.5毫米,顶端圆形;萼碟形,边缘全缘,外面被短柔毛;

花瓣4,卵椭圆形,高1.7-2.2毫米,外面几无毛;雄蕊4,花药卵椭圆形,在雌花内雄蕊完全退化;花盘明显,边缘呈波状;子房下部与花盘合生,花柱细,柱头不明显扩大,在雄花内雌蕊退化呈短圆柱状。

果实倒肾形,直径1.2-1.5厘米,有种子2-3颗;种子半球形,顶端近圆形,基部圆钝,喙不明显,种脐在种子背面下部呈带形,上部种脊较狭,表面光滑,腹孔扁圆形,直径3-5毫米。

花期6月,果期9-11月。[2]

英文介绍

Cissus pedata Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 31. 1783; Cayratia longzhouensis W. T. Wang; Columella pedata Loureiro; Lagenula pedata Loureiro.

Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, sparsely pilose; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves pedately 5-foliolate; stipules brownish, ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 × 1.5-3 mm, membranous, sparsely pilose; petiole 5.5-16 cm; central petiolule 1.5-5 cm, lateral petiolules 2-4 cm, petiolules of lateral leaflet complex 1-3.5 cm, sparsely pilose; leaflets abaxially pilose, adaxially with appressed hairs, lateral veins 6-11 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously raised; central leaflet obovate-elliptic; lateral leaflets ovate-elliptic, 5-22 × 2.5-9 cm, base nearly truncate, rounded, or slightly cordate, margin with irregular teeth, apex caudate-acuminate. Corymbose polychasium axillary; peduncle 15-16 cm, with nodes, pilose. Pedicel 2-3 mm, densely pubescent. Buds oval, 2-2.5 mm, apex rounded. Calyx saucer-shaped, pubescent, entire. Petals ovate-elliptic, 1.7-2.2 mm, nearly glabrous. Anthers ovoid-elliptic, poorly developed in female flowers. Disk well developed, margin undulate. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; style slender; stigma slightly expanded, or cylindrical in male flowers. Berry elliptic, 1.2-1.5 cm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds semiglobose, base rounded, apex subrounded, rostrum inconspicuous, upper raphe narrow, surface smooth, ventral holes nearly rounded, 3-5 mm in diam. Fl. Jun, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 80.

Forests, shrublands, rocky areas, roadsides; 800-2200 m. Guangxi, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].

鸟足乌蔹莓生长环境

生长在海拔800-2200米山坡林中、灌木或岩石缝中。

鸟足乌蔹莓分布范围

产于广西云南越南泰国马来半岛印度也有分布。 [3]

参考来源

  1. 鸟足乌蔹莓, 植物智, 2020-01-18
  2. 《中国植物志》 第48(2)卷 (1998) >> 072页 PDF >> 鸟足乌蔹莓 Cayratia pedata
  3. 鸟足乌蔹莓------中国植物物种信息数据库