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紧序黍

来自 植物智 的图片

界：植物界 门：被子植物门 纲：单子叶植物纲 目：禾本目 科：禾本科 属：黍属

紧序黍(jǐn xù shǔ)，学名Panicum auritum J. Presl ex Nees，俗名：长耳膜稃草，异名：Hymenachne insulicola Sacciolepis insulicola Panicum insulicola Hymenachne aurita ，禾本目，禾木科植物，多年生。秆高50-100厘米，直径2-4毫米，节膨大，下部节上生根。叶鞘短于节间，边缘密生疣基纤毛；叶舌短，长约0.5毫米；叶片质地较硬，长10-20厘米，宽4-8毫米，顶端长渐尖，无毛，基部稍圆形，与叶舌相连处密生柔毛。产福建、云南、海南（崖县、东方等县）；生于水旁、海边及林缘或疏林下。

形态特征

多年生。秆高50-100厘米，直径2-4毫米，节膨大，下部节上生根。叶鞘短于节间，边缘密生疣基纤毛；叶舌短，长约0.5毫米；叶片质地较硬，长10-20厘米，宽4-8毫米；

顶端长渐尖，无毛，基部稍圆形，与叶舌相连处密生柔毛。圆锥花序长10-15厘米，分枝长1-4厘米，直立或斜升，较疏散；小穗柄长约1毫米，微粗糙，簇生穗轴一侧；

小穗草黄色，卵状披针形，长2-2.2毫米，宽约1毫米，顶端尖；第一颖广卵形；第二颖与第一外稃近等长，草质，具5脉，近平滑；第二外稃长约2毫米，薄纸质，黄绿色，顶端尖。花果期8-10月。

Hymenachne aurita (J. Presl ex Nees) Balansa; H. insuli-cola (Steudel) L. Liu; Panicum insulicola Steudel; Sacciolepis insulicola (Steudel) Ohwi.

Perennial, rhizomatous. Culms geniculately ascending, branched, up to 4 m long, nodes glabrous. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, glabrous, sometimes ciliate on margins and at throat, striate; leaf blades linear, 10–60 × 0.5–2.5(–3.5) cm, glabrous, base cordate, apex acuminate; ligule short, membranous, ca. 0.5 mm.

Panicle contracted to spikelike, 10–45 cm; branches appressed, glabrous, scabrid. Spikelets lanceolate or elliptic, 2–3 mm, glabrous, acute; lower glume ovate, 1/3 length of spikelet, membranous, 3-veined;

upper glume as long as spikelet, 5–7-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea poorly developed; upper floret as long as spikelet, pale yellow, smooth, shiny. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.

分类文献

长耳膜稃草（禾本科图说）图版92：6-10

Hymenachne insulicola (Steud.) L. Liou, comb. , nov.——Panicum insulicola Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 78. 1854.——Sacciolepis insulicola (Steud. ) Onwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. no. 18: 3. 1947; Back. et al. Fl. Java 3: 557. 1968.——Hymenachne aurita auct. non (Presl ex Nees) Balanea 1890:中国主要植物图说 禾本科691, 图636. 1959; 海南植物志4: 428. 1977.

产地生境

产福建、云南、海南（崖县、东方等县）；生于水旁、海边及林缘或疏林下。印度、斯里兰卡、爪哇、马来西亚有分布。模式标本采自菲律宾。

辨析

Panicum auritum may be confused with Hymenachne amplexicaulis, since both species have a similarly contracted panicle. The Hy-menachne may be distinguished by the membranous upper lemma, which clasps the palea only at the base, leaving it free at the apex, and by the larger spikelets 4.5–6 mm.