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矮高山栎 |
中文名:矮高山栎 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:山毛榉目 Fagales 科:壳斗科 Fagaceae 属:栎属 Quercus 种:矮高山栎 中文学名:Quercus monimotricha Hand.-Mazz. |
矮高山栎(ǎi gāo shān lì,学名:Quercus monimotricha)为壳斗科栎属的植物。分布于缅甸以及中国大陆的云南、四川等地,生长于海拔2,000米至3,500米的地区,一般生于阳坡和山脊,尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
矮高山栎形态特征
常绿灌木,高0.5—2米。小枝近轮生,具灰褐色簇生绒毛。
叶长椭圆形或倒卵形,长2-(3—4)厘米,宽1-2.5(-3)厘米,顶端钝圆,具刺尖或短尖,基部浅心形至圆形,边缘有长刺状锯齿,有时全缘,幼时密生灰黄色绒毛,老时叶面沿脉疏生绒毛,背面密被污褐色绒毛,侧脉4—7对;
叶柄长约3毫米,密被毛。壳斗常单生或两枚对生,有长约6毫米的总梗,浅碗形,包围坚果基部,直径约1厘米,高3-4毫米;苞片小,长约1毫米,在口缘处伸出,被灰褐色柔毛。
坚果卵形,直径约1厘米,高约1—1.3厘米,无毛或顶端微有毛,果脐凸起。花期5—6月。 [2]
分类文献
Quercus monimotricha Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 41. 1929; A. Camus, Chenes 1: 388. 1936-38, Atlas 1. Pl. 34. f. 16-26. 1934; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 452.图904. 1972; Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 14(2): 81. 1976; 云南植物志2: 243.图107, f. 7-9. 1979;中国树木志2: 2348.图1188. 9. 1985.——Q. semecarpifolia Smith. var. rufescens Schott. in Bot. Jahrb. 47: 642. 1912. ——Q. spinosa David var. monimotricha Hand. -Mazz. in Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien. 129. 1925. p. p.
英文介绍
Quercus spinosa David ex Franchet var. monimotricha Handel-Mazzetti, Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 1925: 129. 1925.
Shrubs (0.5-)1(-2) m tall, evergreen. Branchlets nearly whorled, with brown fascicled indumentum. Petiole ca. 3 mm, densely pubescent; leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 2-3.5 × 1.2-3 cm, with conspicuously stipitate fascicled and floccose hairs when young, abaxially retaining scattered fascicled hairs but sometimes subglabrescent, adaxially glabrescent but base of fascicled hairs remaining evident (under a hand lens), base rounded to shallowly cordate, margin with long spiniform teeth, sometimes entire, apex obtuse to mucronate; secondary veins 4-7 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially inconspicuous. Infructescence rachis 5-10 mm; cupules 1 or 2. Cupule shallowly cupular, 3-4 × ca. 10 mm, covering base of nut; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, grayish brown tomentose, patent at rim of cupule. Nut ovoid, 1-1.3 × 0.8-1 cm, glabrous or apex glabrescent; scar ca. 4 mm in diam., slightly raised, stylopodium ca. 1.5 mm in diam. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Sep of following year.
2000-3500 m. W Sichuan, NW Yunnan [Myanmar]
矮高山栎生长环境
生于海拔2300—34O0米阳坡或山顶脊处。[3]
矮高山栎分布范围
产鹤庆、兰坪、丽江、维西、中甸等地,我国四川有分布。缅甸亦有。 [4]