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| 柔毛藏芥 |
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中文名:柔毛藏芥 学 名:Phaeonychium villosum (Maxim.) Al-Shehbaz 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:罂粟目 科:十字花科 属:高原芥属 种:柔毛藏芥 |
柔毛藏芥（学名：Phaeonychium villosum (Maxim.) Al-Shehbaz）是十字花科、高原芥属植物。多年生草本，高可达16厘米。生于高山草甸或流石滩。 [1]
柔毛藏芥形态特征
多年生草本，高5-16厘米，被白色柔软长单毛。地下斜生根茎，近地面处分枝，茎数个丛生，茎基部有残存的淡黄白色或黑褐色叶柄。
基生叶具柄，柄长3.5-8厘米，近基部宽约8毫米，边缘淡白色，近膜质；叶片长椭圆状披针形，长1-5厘米，宽3-8毫米，顶端急尖或钝尖，基部渐窄成柄，全缘，边缘有白色而柔软的睫毛；茎生叶向上渐小，柄亦渐短。花序伞房状，花梗长1-1.8厘米，被较密单毛；萼片长5-6毫米，外轮的较内轮的为宽，外轮萼片为椭圆状卵形，内轮萼片为窄椭圆状卵形，淡黄绿色，顶端色深，被毛，有宽的白色膜质边缘，宿存；花瓣淡紫色，倒卵形，长1-1.1厘米，宽4-5毫米，顶端微缺，基部楔状成爪。长角果长圆状卵形，弯曲，长8-10(-14)毫米，宽约3毫米，果瓣稍作龙骨状，二端钝尖；隔膜半透明，完整。
种子每室1行，种子宽卵状圆形，长约3毫米，棕褐色；子叶背倚胚根。花期6月。
Parrya villosa Maximowicz, Fl. Tangut. 55. 1889; Braya kokonorica O. E. Schulz; Christolea villosa (Maximowicz) Jafri; C. villosa var. platyfilamenta K. C. Kuan & Z. X. An; Ermania villosa (Maximowicz) O. E. Schulz; Parrya villosa var. albiflora O. E. Schulz; Parryopsis villosa (Maximowicz) Botschantzev.
Plants (4-)6-14(-18) cm tall; caudex slender, few branched, covered with petiolar remains of previous years. Trichomes simple, often crisped, to 1.5 mm. Stems erect, simple from caudex, villous. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole (0.7-)1-3(-4) cm, ciliate, persistent, becoming papery, strongly expanded and to 7 mm wide at base; leaf blade narrowly oblanceolate or oblong-linear, (0.8-)1.5-2.8(-3.5) cm × (1.5-)2.5-6(-8) mm, villous, base attenuate, margin entire, apex obtuse. Cauline leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade often oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, about as large as that of basal leaves. Racemes 10-25-flowered, basally bracteate; flowers fragrant. Fruiting pedicels divaricate, straight or slightly curved, (0.5-)0.7-1.5(-2) cm, villous. Sepals oblong or ovate, 3-5 × 1.5-2 mm, sparsely villous, persistent, margin membranous. Petals lavender or purple, broadly spatulate, 8-10 × 4-6 mm, apex emarginate; claw 2.5-3.5 mm. Filaments lavender; median pairs 3-4 mm; lateral pair 1.5-2 mm; anthers oblong, 1-1.2 mm. Ovules 4-8 per ovary. Fruit oblong or ovoid, (5-)7-12 × 2.5-4 mm, terete, sessile or on gynophores to 1 mm; valves obscurely veined, shortly pubescent; style 1-1.5 mm; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds ovoid, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.
- Slopes, alpine turf; 3500-4500 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang.
In both FRPS (33: 292, 440. 1987) and Fl. Qinghai. (1: 469, 502. 1997), the flowering material of Phaeonychium villosum was recognized as Christolea villosa and the fruiting material as Braya kokonorica; the two species were placed in different tribes.
柔毛藏芥产地生境
分布于中国青海（互助县、治高县）、西藏。生于高山草甸或流石滩，海拔4500米处。