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中文学名:小花使君子 拉丁学名:Quisqualis caudata 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:桃金娘目 亚 目:桃金娘亚目 科:使君子科 属:使君子属 |
小花使君子，拉丁文名：Quisqualis caudata Craib. 使君子科、使君子属大藤本；小枝黄褐色，被锈色柔毛；叶对生，先端渐尖，基部圆形，表面无毛；叶柄粗短，有膨大的关节。穗状花序，密集。花期1月。 [1]
小花使君子形态特征
大藤本；小枝黄褐色，被锈色柔毛；叶对生，叶片纸质，长圆形，长5-8厘米， 小花使君子 宽2-3厘米，先端渐尖，基部圆形，表面无毛，被细小的白色乳突，背面除中肋有疏毛、脉腋有簇毛，外无毛；叶柄粗短，长3-4毫米，有膨大的关节。
穗状花序，密集；苞片叶状，宽披针形，长5-10毫米，被绒毛；萼管长17-24毫米，萼齿三角状披针形，顶端有小尖突，深红色或淡红色；雄蕊10,花药长0.8毫米，无花盘；子房下位，1室。
果卵形，长约2.5厘米，有光泽，无毛，具明显的棱，成熟时黑色；种子1枚。花期1月。 [2]
Quisqualis caudata Craib in Kew Bull. 164. 1930 et Fl. Siam. Enum. 1 (1): 622. 1931; 云南植物志1: 85. 1977.
Sphalanthus confertus Jack, Malayan Misc. 2(7): 55. 1822; Quisqualis densiflora Wallich ex Miquel.
Branchlets brown pilose. Petiole 3-7 mm, with an inflated joint near base, brown pilose; leaf blade oblong, 5-13 × 2-5.5 cm, abaxially glabrous except sparsely pilose on midvein and with denser hairs in axils of lateral veins, adaxially glabrous and finely white verruculose, base rounded, apex acuminate. Inflorescences dense; bracts leaflike, lanceolate, 5-12 × 2-4 mm, brown pilose, becoming sparsely so. Calyx tube 1.7-2.4 cm, brown pilose; lobes triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, apex cuspidate, cusp filiform, 1-3 mm, often recurved. Petals opening dark red or reddish, oblong-elliptic, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm. Fruit glossy black when ripe, ovoid, conspicuously 5-ridged, ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous. Fl. Jan.
Dense forests, wetlands; 400-1100 m. Yunnan [Cambodia, Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, Thailand, S Vietnam].
Records of Quisqualis caudata Craib from Yunnan (e.g., in FRPS 53(1): 17. 1984) are based on misidentifications of Q. conferta. Quisqualis caudata is endemic to Thailand and differs in having calyx lobes with an apical cusp not more than 1 mm and not recurved.
小花使君子生长环境
生于海拔400-1050米的密林湿地。