打开主菜单

求真百科

麻德拉斯叶下珠

麻德拉斯叶下珠

来自 植物智 的图片

中文名:麻德拉斯叶下珠

拉丁学名:Phyllanthus

maderaspatensis L.

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

目:大戟目

亚 目:大戟亚目

科:大戟科

亚 科:叶下珠亚科

属:叶下珠属

分布区域:印度斯里兰卡

印度尼西亚澳大利亚

热带非洲

麻德拉斯叶下珠(má dé lā sī yè xià zhū),学名:Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L.,是大戟科叶下珠属植物。产于广东南部,分布于印度斯里兰卡印度尼西亚澳大利亚热带非洲[1]

目录

麻德拉斯叶下珠形态特征

麻德拉斯叶下珠是灌木,高达1.5米;多分枝,枝条具4棱,嫩时略带灰白色;全株均无毛。叶片倒卵形,长约2厘米,上部宽4-5毫米,顶端具尖头,基部楔形;

叶柄1-1.5毫米;托叶线状披针形,膜质。花雌雄同株,单朵雄花和2-3朵雌花簇生于叶腋;花梗极短;萼片5,倒卵形;雄花直径1.2毫米;

花盘腺体5,近圆形,分离;雄蕊3,花丝分离或基部合生,花药顶端尖,药室纵裂;雌花直径2.5毫米;花盘腺体5,长圆形,离生;

子房圆球状,3室,每室2颗胚珠,花柱3 ,分离,顶端浅2裂。蒴果圆球状,直径约5 毫米,平滑,成熟后3 瓣裂;种子具粗条纹。

Herbs, perennial but often flowering in first year, 0.15-0.9(-1.2) m tall, monoecious, glabrous throughout; stem usually woody at base; branching mostly basal, all similar, erect or ascending. Leaves spiral; stipules ovate, 1.5-2(-4) mm, petiole very short; leaf blade linear-lanceolate to obovate, (7-)10-30(-60) × (1-)2-7(-17) mm, leathery, gray-green, base rounded, apex shortly acuminate; lateral veins obscure. Inflorescences axillary fascicles, most axils with 1 female flower, distal axils with 1-4 male flowers.

Male flowers: pedicels ca. 1 mm; sepals 6, suborbicular, ca. 1 × 0.8 mm, margins entire; disk glands 6, small and smooth; stamens 3; filaments connate at base; anthers longitudinally dehiscent.

Female flowers: pedicels 1.5-2 mm; sepals 6, suborbicular to subspatulate, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, margin entire; persistent in fruit; disk glands 6, ± square; ovary globose, 3-celled, smooth; styles 3, ± free. Fruit a capsule, oblate, 1.2-2 × ca. 3 mm, olive green, smooth. Seed 3-sided, ca. 1.3 mm, light brown, with rows of minute tubercles on back and sides.

Slopes with scrub, elsewhere often in disturbed areas. Hong Kong [India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka; Africa, SW Asia, Australia].

Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is known from the Flora area from a single 19th-century collection from Hong Kong. Elsewhere it is a very successful adventive in drier regions. The description is based largely on material from outside China.

分类文献

Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Line. Sp. Pl. 982. 1753; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3: 654. 1832; Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. tab. 1895, fig. 3. 1852; Benth. Fl. Hongkong.311. 1861; Muell. Arg. in Linnaea 32: 19. 1863, et in DC. Prodr. 15(2) : 362. 1866; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 292. 1887.

麻德拉斯叶下珠生长环境

麻德拉斯叶下珠生长山地灌丛中。

麻德拉斯叶下珠分布范围

分布于印度、斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚、澳大利亚和热带非洲。模式标本采自印度。

参考来源

  1. 麻德拉斯叶下珠, 植物智, 2020-01-18