雞足葡萄
雞足葡萄 |
中文學名:雞足葡萄 拉丁學名:Vitis lanceolatifoliosa C. L. Li 別 稱:狹複葉葡萄 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:鼠李目 科:葡萄科 屬:葡萄屬 |
雞足葡萄(jī zú pú táo,學名:Vitis lanceolatifoliosa C. L. Li)是葡萄科,葡萄屬木質藤本。小枝圓柱形,有縱棱紋,密被銹色蛛絲狀絨毛。中央小葉帶狀披針形,托葉近膜質,深褐色,橢圓形,邊緣全緣,無毛或近無毛。果實球形,種子倒卵圓形,頂端近圓形,基部有短喙,花期5月,果期8-9月。生山坡、溪邊灌叢或疏林。 [1]
目錄
雞足葡萄葡萄屬
落葉木質藤本。有卷鬚。葉為單葉或掌狀複葉。花5數,通常雜性異株,稀兩性,排成聚傘圓錐花序,花瓣呈帽狀黏合脫落,花盤明顯,子房2室,每室有2顆胚珠。果實為肉質漿果,有種子2~4顆。種子腹面兩側窪穴狹窄呈溝狀或較闊 。
雞足葡萄形態特徵
別名:狹複葉葡萄,學名: Vitis anceolati/ foliosa o.L.Ii(v. piasecki Maxim var angustata W.T. Wang) 。
木質藤本。小枝圓柱形,有縱棱紋,密被銹色蛛絲狀絨毛。卷鬚2叉分枝,每隔2節間斷與葉對生。
葉為掌狀3-5小葉,中央小葉帶狀披針形,稀長橢圓形或倒卵披針形,長3.5-9厘米,寬1.5-2.5厘米,頂端漸尖,基部楔形,邊緣每側有5-6個波狀細牙齒;
側生小葉卵披針形,長3-8厘米,寬1.2-3厘米,頂端漸尖,基部不對稱,斜楔形或斜圓形,外側有6-11個細牙齒,不分裂或基部2裂,上面深綠色,初時疏被蛛絲狀絨毛,以後脫落,僅中脈被極短的柔毛,下面密被褐色珠絲狀絨毛;
側脈3-5對,網脈不明顯;葉柄長3-5厘米,密被褐色蛛狀絲絨毛;托葉近膜質,深褐色,橢圓形,長1.8-2.5毫米,寬1-1.3毫米,頂端急尖,邊緣全緣,無毛或近無毛。
圓錐花序疏散,與葉對生,分枝發達,花序梗長4-8厘米,密被銹色蛛絲狀絨毛;花梗長1-1.3毫米,幾無毛;花蕾倒卵圓形,高1.7-2.8毫米,頂端圓形;
萼碟形,萼齒不明顯;花瓣5,呈帽狀粘合脫落;雄蕊5,花盤發達,5裂;雌蕊1,子房卵圓形,花柱短,柱頭微擴大。
果實球形,直徑0.8-1厘米;種子倒卵圓形,頂端近圓形,基部有短喙,種臍在種子背面中部呈橢圓形,種脊突出,腹面中棱脊突起,兩側窪穴呈寬溝狀,向上達種子1/3處。花期5月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Vitis lanceolatifoliosa C. L. Li in Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 2 (3) : 253. 1996.——V. piasezkii Maxim. var. angustata W. T. Wang in Guihaia 8 (2) : 112. 1988.
Vitis piasezkii Maximowicz var. angusta W. T. Wang.
Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, densely rubiginous lanate; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves palmate, 3-5-foliolate; stipules brownish, elliptic, 1.8-2.5 × 1-1.3 mm, membranous, glabrous or subglabrate, entire, apex acute; petiole 3-5 cm, with dense brown and arachnoid tomentum; leaflets abaxially with dense brown arachnoid tomentum, adaxially with sparse arachnoid tomentum when young, then glabrate, only midvein pilose with very short hairs, lateral veins 3-5 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous; central leaflet lanceolate, rarely oblong or obovate-lanceolate, 3.5-9 × 1.5-2.5 cm, base truncate, margin with 5 or 6 sharp teeth on each side, apex acuminate; lateral leaflets ovate-lanceolate, 3-8 × 1.2-3 cm, base asymmetric, obliquely cuneate or rounded, margin finely 6-11-toothed, apex acuminate. Panicle leaf-opposed, loose, basal branches well developed; peduncle 4-8 cm, with dense rubiginous arachnoid tomentum. Pedicel 1-1.3 mm, subglabrate. Buds obovoid, 1.7-2.8 mm, apex rounded. Calyx teeth inconspicuous. Ovary oval; style short. Berry globose, 8-10 mm in diam. Seeds obovoid, apex subrounded, chalazal knot elliptic, raphe raised. Fl. May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Forests or shrublands by streams, hillsides; 600-800 m. Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi.
雞足葡萄生長環境
生山坡、溪邊灌叢或疏林,海拔600-800米。[3]