类雀稗
类雀稗 |
中文名:类雀稗 拉丁学名:Paspalidium flavidium (Retz.) A. Camus 界:植物界 门:种子植物门 纲:单子叶植物纲 目:禾本目 科:禾本科 属:类雀稗属 |
类雀稗(lèi què bài),学名:Paspalidium flavidium (Retz.) A. Camus,异名:Paspalidium flavidium Panicum granulare Panicum flavidum Setaria flavida Panicum floridum ,是禾本科类雀稗属植物,多年生草本。秆少数丛生或单生,压扁,高30-100厘米。产云南、广东、海南;多生于海拔150-1 500米的山坡、路旁、荒地及田边。热带非洲,印度以至大洋洲也有分布。模式标本采自斯里兰卡。 [1]
目录
类雀稗形态特征
多年生草本。秆少数丛生或单生,压扁,高30-100厘米。叶鞘光滑,两侧压扁而具脊;叶舌短小,长约0.5毫米;叶片线状披针形,长5-30厘米,宽5-10毫米;
先端急尖,基部略呈心形。穗状花序6-9枚,长1.5-2.5厘米,稀疏排列于长达40厘米的主轴上,短于主轴的节间;穗轴延伸为一小尖头;
小穗卵形,长1.5-2.5毫米,左右排列在穗轴的一侧,背部隆起,乳白色或稍带紫色;含2小花,仅第2小花结实;第一颖广卵形,先端圆形,长约为小穗之半,具3脉;
第二颖略短于小穗,具7脉;第1外稃与小穗等长,具5脉;第2外稃骨质,具细点状;内稃透明膜质,略短于外稃。颖果骨质,椭圆形,腹面平,背面隆起。 花果期7-10月。
FOC >> Vol.22 (2006) >> Poaceae >> Paspalidium 1.Paspalidium flavidum (Retzius) A. Camus 类雀稗 lei que bai Panicum flavidum Retzius, Observ. Bot. 4: 15. 1786; P. floridum Royle; P. granulare Lamarck; Setaria flavida (Retzius) Veldkamp.
Perennial. Culms tufted, slightly compressed, 30–100 cm tall from a decumbent base. Leaf sheaths strongly keeled, smooth; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, flat or folded, 5–30 × 0.5–1 cm, base subcordate and tuberculate-setose, apex abruptly acute; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Inflorescence axis 5–20 cm; racemes 6–9, 1.5–2.5 cm, widely spaced;
rachis ca. 0.5 mm wide, slightly winged, prolonged into a point. Spikelets plumply ovate, gibbous, 1.5–2.5 mm, milk-white or purplish; lower glume broadly ovate, ca. 1/2 as long as spikelet; upper glume 2/3–3/4 as long as spikelet, 7-veined; lower lemma as long as spikelet, 5-veined; upper lemma bony, granulate. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct.
Roadsides, field edges, moist open places; 100–1500 m. Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, RΘunion), Pacific Islands].
类雀稗生长环境
多生于海拔150-1 500米的山坡、路旁、荒地及田边。