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碧雅翠丝·舒巴

碧雅翠丝(崔西)·舒巴(Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba,1951年4月15日),奥地利花式滑冰女子单人滑运动员,曾获1972年冬季奥运会冠军,两届世界锦标赛冠军(1971-1972年)、两届欧州锦标赛冠军(1971-1972年),以及六届奥地利锦标赛冠军(1967–1972年)[1]

她被认为是最擅长规定图形项目的运动员之一[2][3][4]

目录

早年生活

舒巴生于维也纳,十三岁那年父亲过世,她进职业学校念书,以掌管家里的木柴生意。她利用上午时间滑冰,下午工作[5]

选手生涯

舒巴对滑冰感兴趣要从1955年说起,当时她父母买电视来收看维也纳国家歌剧院城堡剧院的表演,而她在电视上看到一场美国滑冰比赛转播[6]。1955到1962年间,赫尔穆特·赛伯特担任她的教练[7],后来则改由利奥波德·林哈特执教(Leopold Linhart)[1]

1967年,十六岁的她夺得第一个重要头衔——奥地利锦标赛女子单人滑冠军;之后她连续卫冕六次。1960年代末70年代初,舒巴一直稳定提高国际大赛成绩:她先是进入欧洲锦标赛与世界锦标赛前五名,然后在1971与1972年连续赢得这两项大赛的金牌[1]

舒巴选手生涯最重要的成就便是1972年于札幌登上奥运会冠军宝座[8],她是1924年赫玛·萨博夺冠以后第二位成为女单奥运冠军的奥地利选手,而截至目前还未有第三位奥地利选手承继这份荣誉[6]。舒巴在规定图形项目名列第一,而美国选手珍奈特·林恩自由滑项目的第一名。由于当时的评分系统中规定图形分数比重较重,最后舒巴夺金,而林恩的总成绩不仅落后于舒巴,还排在加拿大选手凯伦·玛格纽森之后,仅得到铜牌[9]

赢得奥运金牌后的下一个月,舒巴卫冕世界杯冠军,当届世界杯的银牌是玛格纽森,林恩也依然是铜牌[10]。这一年的尾声,舒巴被奥地利体育记者冠上1972年年度运动员的荣誉[11]

国际滑冰总会则决定在下一个赛季(1972-1973年)增加短节目项目,以降低规定图形项目在评分系统中的比重,最终在1990年完全废除规定图形比赛[12]

退役后的生活

退役后,舒巴在滑冰秀冰之歌舞团冰上节日表演超过六年,职业表演生涯颇为成功。后来她进入保险业,并从事该行业至今[13][6]

除了保险事业,舒巴亦曾在许多奥地利运动组织担任要职。她曾是奥地利滑冰协会(Austrian Ice Skating Association)第一位女性会长,并在2004年到2009年间担任奥地利奥林匹克委员会董事[14]。2007年起,她担任国际五项维也纳俱乐部的会长。2009年起,她任职奥地利帕奥委员会的董事。2010年起,她成为格拉茨滑冰协会副会长[14]

赛事成绩

国际
赛事 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972
冬奥 5th 1st
世锦赛 9th 4th 2nd 2nd 1st 1st
欧锦赛 5th 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 1st
国内
奥锦赛 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st

参考资料

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Trixi Schuba Biography and Olympic Results. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. 
  2. Hamill, Dorothy; Clairmont, Elva. Dorothy Hamill On and Off the Ice. A.A. Knopf. 1983: 114. ISBN 978-0-394-85610-0. Still, it was exciting to see all the famous foreign skaters, Karen Magnussen from Canada (the local girl); Beatrix Schuba, the girl from Austria who was said to have the best figures in the history of skating; little Christine Errath from East Germany and her teammate Sonja Morgenstern. 
  3. Künzle-Watson, Karin; DeArmond, Stephen J. Ice Skating: Steps to Success. Steps to Success 1. Human Kinetics. 1996: 113. ISBN 978-0-87322-669-1. To this day, there are two individuals considered the best at this art: Gillis Grafström of Sweden, who was the men's Olympic champion in 1920, 1923, and 1928, and Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba of Austria, who was the women's Olympic champion in 1972. 
  4. Sivorinovsky, Alina. Inside Figure Skating. MetroBooks. 2000: 17. ISBN 978-1-58663-005-8. Her closest competitor, 1972 Olympic champion Beatrix "Trixie" Schuba of Austria, was a lethargic freestyler but arguably the greatest figure skater the world had ever seen. 
  5. Trixi Schuba - Sportpersönlichkeit aus Wien [Trixi Schuba - Sports Personality of Vienna]. Wien.gv.at. Vienna: Vienna Sports Department, City of Vienna. [8 February 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011年7月6日) (德语). 
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 Biographie. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011年3月15日). 
  7. Hellmut Seibt - A Life For Figure Skating. Vienna: Eissport Klub Englemann. 
  8. U.S. men win on ice, but not like Dutchman.. The Miami News (Miami, FL). Associated Press. 7 February 1972 [22 January 2010]. And, just as she said she would, Miss Schuba used that lead to breeze to victory and a gold medal while Miss Holmes faded to fourth, giving Miss Magnussen, the North American champion, the silver and Miss Lynn, the four-time U.S. titlist, the bronze, America's second in the games. 
  9. Figure Skating at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games: Women's Singles. Sports Reference. Sports Reference. [1 February 2011]. 
  10. Trixi wins title and then retires. The Montreal Gazette (Montreal). Canadian Press. 13 March 1972: 23 [9 February 2011]. Trixi Schuba, a sad Austrian girl who laughingly apologized for winning, has capped her international skating career by retaining her world figure-skating crown. 
  11. Schuba Edges Proell As Athlete of Year. Lawrence Daily Journal-World (Lawrence, KS). Associated Press. 22 December 1972: 15 [24 August 2011]. Austria's Beatrix Schuba, the world and Olympic figure skating champion, beat double World Cup ski winner and current leader in the Cup standings, Annemarie Proell, in a sports writers' poll of Best Athlete of the Year. 
  12. No More Figures In Figure Skating. The New York Times. Associated Press. 9 June 1988 [4 February 2011]. Under the rule change, the figures' share of the total score, which was 60 percent 20 years ago, will go down immediately from 30 to 20 percent. A revamped short program's value will be increased to 30 percent from 20. 
  13. Neumann, Fritz. Trixi Schuba: "Mehr als zwei Schnitzel kann ich auch nicht essen am Tag" [Trixi Schuba: "I can't eat more than two schnitzels a day"]. Der Standard. 2 February 2006. (原始内容存档于2014年2月26日) (德语). 
  14. 14.0 14.1 Erfolge. Trixi Schuba. Zenker und Co. [1 February 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011年3月16日). 

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