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美丽相思子 |
中文学名:美丽相思子 拉丁学名:Abrus pulchellus Wall. ex Thwaites 别 称:土甘草 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:蔷薇目 Rosales 亚 目:豆亚目 Leguminosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 属:相思子属 Abrus |
美丽相思子(měi lì xiāng sī zǐ,学名 Abrus pulchellus Wall. ex Thwaites,俗名:土甘草、鸡血藤,异名:Abrus stictospermus Abrus tenuiflorus Abrus pulchellus subsp. tenuiflorus ,为豆科相思子属的一种,攀援藤本。茎枝细弱,被稀疏黄色糙伏毛。生于河谷岸边灌丛或平原疏林中,海拔400-3000米。产广西、云南。 [1]
美丽相思子形态特征
攀援藤本。茎枝细弱,被稀疏黄色糙伏毛。
羽状复叶互生;小叶6-10对,膜质,近长圆形,长 0.7-3厘米,宽0.4-1厘米,先端截形,具小尖头,基部近圆形,上面无毛,下面被稀疏白色糙伏毛;小叶柄短。总状花序腋生;总花梗长3-10厘米,花序轴粗短;
花小,长0.6-0.8厘米,密集成头状;萼钟状,萼齿4浅裂,被白色糙伏毛;花冠粉红色或紫色;雄蕊9。
荚果长圆形,长5-6.5厘米,宽0.8-1.5厘米,成熟时开裂,密被平伏白毛,有种子6-12粒;
种子椭圆形,黑褐色,具光泽,种阜明显,环状,种脐有孔。 [2]
Abrus pulchellus Wall. [Cat. n. 5819. 1831, nom. nud.] ex Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 91. 1859; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 175. 1876; Gagnep. in Lecome, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 359. 1916;中国主要植物图说·豆科640.图629. 1955; Verdc. in Kew. Bull. 24: 246. 1970.——A. fruticulosus auct. non Wight et Arn. : Breteler in Blumea 10: 612. 1960, p. p.
Lianas, climbing. Stem slender, sparsely yellow strigose or villous. Leaves paripinnate, alternate; leaflets 6-10-paired, op-posite; petiolule short; blades suboblong, oblong, or obovate-oblong, 0.5-3 × 0.3-1 cm, membranous, sparsely white strigose or densely white villous abaxially, glabrous or pilose adaxially, rounded or subcordate at base, truncate and with mucro at apex. Racemes axillary, 3-10 cm. Flowers dense, 3-9 mm. Calyx campanulate, 4-toothed, white strigose or densely gray villous. Corolla pink, purple, or purple-red. Stamens 9. Legumes ob-long, (2-)5-6.5 × 0.8-1.5 cm, densely white hairy, dehiscent, with 4-12 seeds. Seeds black-brown or black, lustrous to slightly lustrous, elliptic or ovoid, compressed.
Forests, hill slopes; 200-3000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indo-nesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philip-pines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
美丽相思子分布范围
产广西、云南。生于河谷岸边灌丛或平原疏林中,海拔400-3000米。锡金、斯里兰卡、马来西亚、几内亚也有分布。 [3]
美丽相思子主要价值
叶、根可药用。花果有毒。