绢果柳查看源代码讨论查看历史
绢果柳 |
中文名:绢果柳 学 名:Salix sericocarpa 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:杨柳目 Salicales 科:杨柳科 Salicaceae 属:柳属 Salix 组:柳组 Sect. Salix 种:绢果柳 |
绢果柳(学名:Salix sericocarpa)为杨柳科柳属的植物。分布在伊朗、巴基斯坦、阿富汗以及中国大陆的西藏、云南等地,生长于海拔4,000米的地区,多生在山沟边,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
绢果柳形态特征
小乔木。小枝有短柔毛,后近无毛,幼时浅黄褐色,后为紫褐色或褐色。叶披针形,长5-8厘米,宽1.2-1.8厘米,先端渐尖,基部楔形,上面绿色,下面灰白色,幼时有毛,成叶近无毛,或有疏毛,常沿脉有毛,边缘有细锯齿,稀近全缘;叶柄长3-4毫米,幼时有短柔毛,后有疏毛。
花序侧生,有梗,梗长0.8-1.5厘米,基部有2-3小叶,轴有毛;雄花序长1.5-3厘米,雄蕊2,离生;较苞片长约3倍,花丝无毛,花药黄色;苞片卵状长圆形,外面无毛,内面下部有毛;腺体2,背生和腹生,约为苞片的1/2;
雌花序长2-2.5厘米,果期长达6-12厘米;
子房圆锥形,无柄或近无柄,有密柔毛,花柱长,上部2裂,柱头2裂;苞片长卵形,先端钝或近圆形,两面及边缘有毛,有时苞片先端无毛,长约为子房的2/5-1/3;腺体1,腹生,线状长圆形或长圆形。
花期5月,果期6月。 [2]
Salix sericocarpa Anderss. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 4: 43. 1860; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 637. 1888; Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 112. 1916; Hao in Fedde, Rep. Beih. 93: 71. 1936.——S. rehderiana Schneid. var. lasiogyna C. Wang et P. Y. Fu,植物分类学报, 12 (2): 205. 图版54: 2. 1974; 西藏植物名录, 48. 1980.
Trees small. Branchlets yellowish brown when young, becoming purplish brown or brown, pubescent, becoming subglabrous. Petiole 3-4 mm, pilose; leaf blade lanceolate, 5-8 × 1.2-1.8 cm, abaxially grayish white, pilose when young, when mature subglabrous or pilose, usually pilose along veins, adaxially green, base cuneate, margin serrulate, rarely nearly entire, apex acuminate. Male catkin 1.5-3 cm; peduncle 0.8-1.5 cm, with 2 or 3 leaflets; bracts ovate-oblong, abaxially glabrous, adaxially pilose at base. Male flower: stamens 2, distinct, ca. 4 × as long as bracts; filaments glabrous; anthers yellow. Female catkin 2-2.5 cm, 6-12 cm in fruit; bracts long ovate, both surfaces and margin pilose, sometimes apex glabrous, 1/3-2/3 as long as ovary, apex obtuse or subrounded. Female flower: adaxial gland linear-oblong or oblong; ovary conical, densely downy, sessile or subsessile; style long, 2-cleft distally; stigma 2-cleft. Fl. May, fr. Jun.
绢果柳生长环境
生长于山沟边,村边,河边灌丛中,河滩,渠边,泉边,山谷,山谷河边,山谷水边,山坡,山坡林中,山坡疏林中,水边,田边。海拔4000米左右。