獨龍薯蕷檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

獨龍薯蕷

原圖鏈接 來自植物標本館

中文學名:獨龍薯蕷 拉丁學名:Dioscorea birmanica Prain 界:植物界 屬:薯蕷屬 分布區域:雲南西北貢山 海 拔:1300米

獨龍薯蕷(dú lóng shǔ yù，學名 Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill)，根莖不規則的拳狀，直徑約10厘米，或為柱狀，長18厘米，粗5—7厘米，皆有多數直徑2—3厘米的瘤狀凸起，表皮厚，褐色，龜裂，內面黃色，散生長30—40厘米，粗約1.5毫米的圓柱形鬚根。

獨龍薯蕷形態特徵

莖1—3根叢生，左旋，中空，切面三棱形，具3條寬1—1.5毫米的薄翅，翅的邊緣具扁刺，近無毛；

葉互生，葉片綠色，干時紙質，長心形，長達28厘米，寬15—17厘米，全緣，背面被微柔毛及兩面散生白色星狀毛（陶國達13195），後漸無毛，先端漸尖，具長1—2厘米的尾尖，基部彎缺狹或開展；

7—11脈，外脈分叉，於背面明顯隆起；葉柄長10—12厘米，被微柔毛，基部圍以2—4枚扁刺狀托葉。

花序未見，據Prain et Burkill的記載：雄花序為蠍尾狀聚傘花序組成的總狀花序式，1—2枚腋生，長35—45厘米，被微柔毛，具長1—3厘米的柄；聚傘花序相距5—10毫米，每序有花5—6朵；

苞片卵形，內凹，長1—5毫米，被微柔毛，有褐色線條；小苞片不存在；花被鍾狀，長1厘米，裂片外被長柔毛，有褐色線條，外輪披針形，舟狀，銳尖，內輪卵形、銳尖；

雄蕊6，相等，生於裂片基部而短於裂片，花絲比花葯長。雌花序穗狀，長20—40厘米，有花20—40朵，花被與雄花相似；

子房密生微柔毛。蒴果近無毛，成熟時無毛，連果翅長、寬2—3厘米，先端微凹，基部截形或楔形；種子周圍具不等的膜翅。

分類文獻

原圖鏈接 來自植物標本館

Rhizome horizontal, irregularly branched, bulky; cork cracked, tessellated; transverse section pink; bases of old roots becoming hard and ± thornlike. Stem twining to left, faintly grooved, glabrous, or pubescent to puberulent and glabrescent, abundantly prickly proximally, prickly only at nodes distally, smooth apically.

Leaves alternate, simple; petiole 4.5--9 cm, often with recurved prickles; leaf blade ovate or broadly so, to 15 × 16 cm, glabrous or pubescent along main veins abaxially, main veins sometimes prickly, basal veins 7--11, base cordate with narrow or broad sinus and rounded auricles.

Male spike produced before leaves on new stem, solitary, lax, 35--45 cm. Male flowers: in cymules to 1 cm, subsessile; bracts brown, lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm; bracteoles absent; perianth narrowly campanulate, proximally villous, lobes erect, oblong-lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm, apex rounded; stamens 6, inserted in throat of perianth tube, slightly shorter than perianth, filaments longer than anthers.

Female spikes 20--30 cm. Female flowers: staminodes minute. Capsule reflexed, yellow-brown, oblong-obovoid, angular in outline, 2--3 cm, densely puberulent, glabrescent, base truncate to rounded, apex retuse to rounded; wings 1--1.5 cm wide. Seeds inserted near middle of capsule, winged all round.

About 400 m. NW Yunnan (Gongshan Drung-Nu Zu Zizhixian) [Myanmar, Thailand].

The present authors have not seen any Chinese material of this species.

獨龍薯蕷生長環境

生長於海拔400-1300米處。

獨龍薯蕷分布範圍

產於雲南西北貢山（獨龍江沿岸）至雲南西（盈江那斑壩）。緬甸、泰國也有分布。中國雲南新記錄。