海南毒鼠子檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
海南毒鼠子 |
中文學名:海南毒鼠子 拉丁學名:Dichapetalum longipetalum (Turcz.) Engl. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae 目:芸香目 Rutales 亞 目:毒鼠子亞目 Dichapetalineae 科:毒鼠子科 Dichapetalaceae 屬:毒鼠子屬 Dichapetalum 生 境:密林中, 山谷 是否中國特有:是 是否引種栽培:非人工引種栽培 |
海南毒鼠子(hǎi nán dú shǔ zǐ,學名:Dichapetalum longipetalum)為毒鼠子科毒鼠子屬下的一個種。分布廣東、廣西、海南 等省區。 [1]
海南毒鼠子形態特徵
攀援灌木,高3-4米;小枝被銹色長柔毛,老枝無毛,黑褐色,具散生灰色圓形皮孔。
葉片紙質或半革質,長圓形,長圓狀橢圓形或橢圓形,長8-17厘米,寬3-6厘米,先端漸尖,基部楔形、闊楔形或略圓形,葉面沿中脈和側脈被銹色粗伏毛,余無毛,背面被銹色長柔毛,側脈6-7對;葉柄長4-5毫米,被粗毛。
聚傘花序腋生,被銹色柔毛;花兩性,具短梗;萼片長圓形,長3-4毫米,外面密被灰色短柔毛;
花瓣白色,近匙形,長約5毫米,無毛,先端2裂;雄蕊長約5毫米;腺體小,近方形,2淺裂;子房被灰褐色柔毛,花柱長於雄蕊,頂端3裂。
核果偏斜倒心形或偏斜橢圓形,直徑約2厘米,密被銹色短柔毛。花期7一翌年1月,果期1-6月。 [2]
Chailletia longipetala Turczaninow, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(1): 611. 1863; C. hainanensis Hance; Dichapetalum hainanense (Hance) Engler; D. tonkinense Engler.
Scandent shrubs or lianas, 3-4 m tall. Branchlets ferruginous villous, old branches glabrous, black-brown, with sparsely gray rounded lenticels. Stipules linear, 5-7 mm, pilose, deciduous; petioles 4-5 mm, strigose; leaf blade papery or subleathery, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 8-17 × 3-9 cm, ferruginous villous abaxially, glabrous adaxially, except midrib and lateral veins ferruginous strigose, lateral veins 6-9 pairs, base cuneate, broadly cuneate, or slightly rounded, margin entire, apex acuminate. Cymes axillary, sessile, 0.75-1 cm, many flowered, ferruginous villous. Flowers bisexual, shortly pedicellate. Sepals oblong, 3-4 mm, densely gray pubescent on exterior. Petals white, bifid, subspatulate, ca. 5 mm, glabrous, apex 2-lobed. Stamens ca. 5 mm. Glands small, quadrangular, shallowly 2-lobed, ca. 0.5 mm, glabrous. Ovary brown pubescent, 2- or 3-locular; style exceeding stamens, apex 3-lobed. Drupe obcordate or elliptic, oblique, ca. 2 cm in diam., densely ferruginous pubescent, without distinct sutures. Fl. throughout year, mainly Oct-Mar, fr. Jan-Jun.
Dense or sparse forests in mountain valleys; middle altitudes, ca. 500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
海南毒鼠子生長環境
生長於中海拔山地溝谷密林或疏林中。分布於中南半島、馬來半島。
海南毒鼠子分布範圍
海南毒鼠子參考文獻
海南毒鼠子(海南植物志)圖版48:1-6
Dichapetalum longipetalum (Turcz.) Engl. in Engl. a Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 (4): 348. 1896; Leenhouts in Reinwardtia 4:84. 1956, et in Steen. Fl. Mal ser. 1, 5: 314. 1957;海南植物志2: 203, 圖407. 1965; 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 581, 圖2892. 1972. 廣東植物志2:215, 圖137. 1991.——Chailletia longipetala Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 36(1): 611. 1863; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 571. 1875.——C. hainanensis Hance in Journ. Bot. 23:322. 1885.——Dichapetalum hainanense (Hance) Engl. in Engl. u Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(4): 348. 1896; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 105. 1927.——D. tonkinense Engl. Bot. Jahbr. 23: 143. 1896; Pellegr. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 799. 1911.