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三脉青杨 |
中文名:三脉青杨 学 名:Populus trinervis 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:杨柳目 科:杨柳科 属:杨属 种:三脉青杨 |
三脉青杨(学名:Populus trinervis)是杨柳科杨属的植物,为中国的特有植物。本种似青杨P. cathayana Rehd,但侧脉为弧形,沿脉有柔毛,蒴果2瓣裂;又蒴果似小叶杨P. simonii Carr,但果序较长,叶基圆形,最宽处在叶中部以下,与近似种有明显区别。因叶有3条明显主脉,而叶形颇近青杨,故命名三脉青杨。 [1]
三脉青杨形态特征
乔木,高12米。树皮灰色,沟裂;小枝细而圆,赤褐色或黄褐色,无毛。
短枝叶阔卵形或卵形,长4-7厘米,宽2.5-5厘米,先端长尾尖或长渐尖,基部圆形,边缘浅圆齿,近基部全缘,上面绿色,叶脉隆起,具短柔毛,基部一对侧脉成弧形,为明显三出弧形脉,下面灰白色,光滑;
叶柄圆,长2-4厘米,初时有毛,后无毛。[2]
果序长达15厘米,轴光滑;蒴果长卵形,长达5毫米,2瓣裂。花期3月,果期4月。
Populus trinervis C. Wang et Tung, 东北林学院植物研究室汇刊, 4: 23. 图版3: 1-2. 1979.
Trees to 12 m tall; bark gray, furrowed. Branchlets reddish brown or yellowish brown, terete, slender, glabrous. Leaves of short branchlets with petiole terete, 2-4 cm, pilose at first, glabrescent; leaf blade broadly ovate or ovate, 4-7 × 2.5-5 cm, abaxially grayish white and smooth, adaxially green, pilose along veins, base rounded, margin shallowly crenate, entire near base, apex long caudate or acuminate; veins 3, adaxially raised, lateral veins curved at base. Fruiting catkin to 15 cm; rachis glabrous. Capsule long ovoid, ca. 5 mm, 2-valved. Fl. Mar, fr. Apr.
- Along streams; 1800-3000 m. Sichuan
Similar to Populus cathayana but leaf veins pilose, lateral veins curved at leaf base; capsule 2-valved. Similar also to P. simonii but leaf blade broadest below middle, base rounded; fruiting catkin longer.
1 Capsule subsessile 25a var. trinervis 三脉青杨(原变种)
+ Capsule with stipe 2-4 mm 25b var. shimianica 石棉杨
三脉青杨生长环境
多生长于海拔2100-3000米处。