鳥足烏蘞莓
| 鳥足烏蘞莓 |
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中文學名:鳥足烏蘞莓 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:鼠李目 |
鳥足烏蘞莓(niǎo zú wū liǎn méi，學名 Cayratia pedata (Lamk.) Juss. ex Gagnep.，異名：Lagenula pedata Columella padata Cayratia longzhouensis Cissus pedata Columella pedata )，木質藤本，小枝圓柱形，有縱棱紋，被疏柔毛。卷鬚2叉分枝，相隔2節間斷與葉對生。產於廣西、雲南。 [1]
目錄
鳥足烏蘞莓形態特徵
鳥足烏蘞莓 龍州烏蘞莓（廣西植物）七葉大麻藤（雲南種子植物名錄）圖版11：2-6
Cayratia pedata (Lamk) Juss. ex Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 346. 1910; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 91. 1979 in clavi; 雲南種子植物名錄上冊793. 1984.——Cissus pedata Lamk. Encycl. 1: 31. 1783.——C. lougzhoueusis W. T. Wang in Guihaia 8 (2): 115.圖1-2. 1988.
葉為鳥足狀5小葉，中央小葉倒卵橢圓形，側生小葉卵橢圓形，長5-22厘米，寬2.5-9厘米，頂端尾狀漸尖，基部近截形、圓形或微心形，邊緣有不規則鋸齒，上面綠色，伏生疏短柔毛，下面淺綠色，被疏柔毛；
側脈6-11對，網脈不明顯突出；葉柄長5.5-16厘米，中央小葉柄長1.5-5厘米，側生小葉柄長2-4厘米，側生小葉總柄長1-3.5厘米，被疏柔毛；
托葉膜質，褐色，卵披針形，長3-4毫米，寬1.5-3毫米，被稀疏柔毛。
花序腋生，下部有節，為傘房狀多歧聚傘花序；花序梗長15-16厘米，被疏柔毛；花梗長2-3毫米，密被短柔毛；花蕾卵圓形，高2-2.5毫米，頂端圓形；萼碟形，邊緣全緣，外面被短柔毛；
花瓣4，卵橢圓形，高1.7-2.2毫米，外面幾無毛；雄蕊4,花葯卵橢圓形，在雌花內雄蕊完全退化；花盤明顯，邊緣呈波狀；子房下部與花盤合生，花柱細，柱頭不明顯擴大，在雄花內雌蕊退化呈短圓柱狀。
果實倒腎形，直徑1.2-1.5厘米，有種子2-3顆；種子半球形，頂端近圓形，基部圓鈍，喙不明顯，種臍在種子背面下部呈帶形，上部種脊較狹，表面光滑，腹孔扁圓形，直徑3-5毫米。
花期6月，果期9-11月。[2]
英文介紹
Cissus pedata Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 31. 1783; Cayratia longzhouensis W. T. Wang; Columella pedata Loureiro; Lagenula pedata Loureiro.
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, sparsely pilose; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves pedately 5-foliolate; stipules brownish, ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 × 1.5-3 mm, membranous, sparsely pilose; petiole 5.5-16 cm; central petiolule 1.5-5 cm, lateral petiolules 2-4 cm, petiolules of lateral leaflet complex 1-3.5 cm, sparsely pilose; leaflets abaxially pilose, adaxially with appressed hairs, lateral veins 6-11 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously raised; central leaflet obovate-elliptic; lateral leaflets ovate-elliptic, 5-22 × 2.5-9 cm, base nearly truncate, rounded, or slightly cordate, margin with irregular teeth, apex caudate-acuminate. Corymbose polychasium axillary; peduncle 15-16 cm, with nodes, pilose. Pedicel 2-3 mm, densely pubescent. Buds oval, 2-2.5 mm, apex rounded. Calyx saucer-shaped, pubescent, entire. Petals ovate-elliptic, 1.7-2.2 mm, nearly glabrous. Anthers ovoid-elliptic, poorly developed in female flowers. Disk well developed, margin undulate. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; style slender; stigma slightly expanded, or cylindrical in male flowers. Berry elliptic, 1.2-1.5 cm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds semiglobose, base rounded, apex subrounded, rostrum inconspicuous, upper raphe narrow, surface smooth, ventral holes nearly rounded, 3-5 mm in diam. Fl. Jun, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 80.
Forests, shrublands, rocky areas, roadsides; 800-2200 m. Guangxi, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
鳥足烏蘞莓生長環境
生長在海拔800-2200米山坡林中、灌木或岩石縫中。