截裂毛蕨檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
截裂毛蕨（學名：Cyclosorus truncatus）為金星蕨科毛蕨屬下的一個種。植株高可達2米，葉多數，簇生。
主要生長於海拔130-650米溪邊林下或山谷濕地。
形態特徵
植株高可達2米。根狀莖短而直立，粗壯，木質，先端疏被淡棕色的披針形鱗片。葉多數，簇生；葉柄長30-50厘米，基部粗6-8毫米，禾稈色，疏被貼生的棕色、卵狀披針形的薄鱗片；葉片長1-1.1米，中部寬30-35（40)厘米，長圓披針形，漸尖頭，基部突然變狹，二回羽裂，羽片35對以上，下部5-6對（或更多對）突然變狹，對生，斜向下，相距4-5厘米，基部一對呈卵狀三角形，長寬不到1厘米，中部羽片長18-23厘米，中部寬1.8-2.5厘米，披針形，長漸尖頭，基部往往稍變狹（我國的大多數標本往往變寬），圓截形，羽裂達1/3-1/2；裂片35-40對，斜展，接近，長3-6毫米，寬3-4毫米，長方形，截頭或圓截頭，兩側全緣。葉脈兩面明顯，側脈斜上，每裂片6-10對，基部一對出自主脈基部，頂端交結成較高的三角形網眼，並自交結點向缺刻延伸出一條外行小脈和第二對的上側一脈連接，形成斜長方形網眼，第二對的下側一脈和第三對的上側一脈均伸到缺刻底部，其餘側脈伸達缺刻以上的葉邊。葉草質至紙質，干後草綠色，除羽軸上面有一二針毛外，兩面無毛，脈間有泡狀突起。孢子囊群生於側脈中部稍下處，每裂片6-8對；囊群蓋中等大，厚膜質，棕色，無毛，宿存。[1]
相關類群
- 縮羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus abbreviatus Ching et Shing ex Shing et J. F. Cheng
- 漸尖毛蕨 Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt. ) Nakai
- 銳片毛蕨 Cyclosorus acutilobus Ching
- 銳尖毛蕨 Cyclosorus acutissimus Ching ex Shing et J. F. Cheng
- 線羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus angustipinnus (Ching) Shing
- 狹羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus angustus Ching
- 乾旱毛蕨 Cyclosorus aridus (Don) Tagawa
- 下延毛蕨 Cyclosorus attenuatus Ching ex Shing
- 腺飾毛蕨 Cyclosorus aureoglandulifer Ching ex Shing
- 金腺毛蕨 Cyclosorus aureo-glandulosus Ching et Shing ex Ching et C. F. Zhang
- 百色毛蕨 Cyclosorus baiseensis Ching ex Shing
- 短柄毛蕨 Cyclosorus brevipes Ching et Shing
- 多耳毛蕨 Cyclosorus caii Ching ex Shing
- 三合毛蕨 Cyclosorus calvescens Ching
- 蒼南毛蕨 Cyclosorus cangnanensis Shing et C. F. Zhang
- 程氏毛蕨 Cyclosorus chengii Ching ex Shing
- 秦氏毛蕨 Cyclosorus chingii Z. Y. Liu ex Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 慈利毛蕨 Cyclosorus ciliensis Shing
- 棒腺毛蕨 Cyclosorus clavatus Shing
- 狹縮毛蕨 Cyclosorus contractus Ching ex Shing
- 鱗柄毛蕨 Cyclosorus crinipes (Hook. ) Ching
- 狹基毛蕨 Cyclosorus cuneatus Ching ex Shing
- 大明山毛蕨 Cyclosorus damingshanensis Ching ex Shing
- 光蓋毛蕨 Cyclosorus decipiens Ching
- 德化毛蕨 Cyclosorus dehuaensis Ching et Shing
- 密羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus densissimus Ching ex Shing
- 齒牙毛蕨 Cyclosorus dentatus (Forssk.) Ching
- 疏羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus dissitus Ching ex Shing
- 獨龍江毛蕨 Cyclosorus dulongjiangensis W. M. Chu
- 高株毛蕨 Cyclosorus elatus Ching ex Shing
- 廣葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus ensifer (Tagawa) Shieh.
- 河池毛蕨 Cyclosorus euphlebius Ching
- 展羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus evolutus (Bedd. ) Ching
- 高大毛蕨 Cyclosorus excelsior Ching et Shing
- 國楣毛蕨 Cyclosorus fengii Ching ex Shing
- 平基毛蕨 Cyclosorus flaccidus Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 梣葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus fraxinifolius Ching
- 福建毛蕨 Cyclosorus fukienensis Ching
- 高雄毛蕨 Cyclosorus gaoxiongensis Ching ex Shing
- 光葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus glabrescens Ching ex Shing
- 大毛蕨 Cyclosorus grandissimus Ching et Shing
- 粗齒毛蕨 Cyclosorus grosso-dentatus Ching ex Shing
- 海南毛蕨 Cyclosorus hainanensis Ching
- 異果毛蕨 Cyclosorus heterocarpus (Bl.) Ching
- 毛腳毛蕨 Cyclosorus hirtipes Shing et C. F. Zhang
- 毛囊毛蕨 Cyclosorus hirtisorus (C. Chr. ) Ching
- 河口毛蕨 Cyclosorus hokouensis Ching
- 學煜毛蕨 Cyclosorus houi Ching
- 毛蕨 Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd. ) H. Ito
- 閩台毛蕨 Cyclosorus jaculosus (Christ) H. Ito
- 景洪毛蕨 Cyclosorus jinghongensis Ching ex Shing
- 九龍山毛蕨 Cyclosorus jiulongshanensis Chiu et Yao ex Ching
- 夔州毛蕨 Cyclosorus kuizhouensis Shing
- 細柄毛蕨 Cyclosorus kuliangensis (Ching) Shing
- 貴州毛蕨 Cyclosorus kweichowensis Ching ex Shing
- 寬羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus latipinnus (Benth. ) Tard.-Blot
- 心祁毛蕨 Cyclosorus laui Ching
- 雷波毛蕨 Cyclosorus leipoensis Ching et H. S. Kung
- 龍棲山毛蕨 Cyclosorus longqishanensis Shing
- 闊羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus macrophyllus Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 墨脫毛蕨 Cyclosorus medogensis Ching et S. K. Wu
- 臨滄毛蕨 Cyclosorus megongensis Ching ex Shing
- 冕寧毛蕨 Cyclosorus mianningensis Ching ex Shing
- 多網眼毛蕨 Cyclosorus mollissimus Ching ex Shing
- 美麗毛蕨 Cyclosorus molliusculus (Wall. ex Kuhn) Ching
- 多囊毛蕨 Cyclosorus multisorus Ching ex Shing
- 南川毛蕨 Cyclosorus nanchuanensis Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 南嶺毛蕨 Cyclosorus nanlingensis Ching ex Shing et J. F. Cheng
- 南平毛蕨 Cyclosorus nanpingensis Ching
- 南溪毛蕨 Cyclosorus nanxiensis Ching ex Shing
- 黑葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus nigrescens Ching ex Shing
- 倒披針毛蕨 Cyclosorus oblanceolatus Shing et C. F. Zhang
- 峨眉毛蕨 Cyclosorus omeigensis Ching
- 對羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus oppositipinnus Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 對生毛蕨 Cyclosorus oppositus Ching ex Shing
- 腺脈毛蕨 Cyclosorus opulentus (Kaulf.) Nakai
- 東方毛蕨 Cyclosorus orientalis Ching ex Shing
- 蝶狀毛蕨 Cyclosorus papilio (Hope) Ching
- 蝶羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus papilionaceus Shing et C. F. Zhang
- 寬頂毛蕨 Cyclosorus paracuminatus Ching ex Shing et J. F. Cheng
- 曲軸毛蕨 Cyclosorus paradentatus Ching ex Shing
- 長尾毛蕨 Cyclosorus paralatipinnus Ching ex Shing
- 嶽麓山毛蕨 Cyclosorus pararidus Ching ex Shing
- 華南毛蕨 Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farwell.
- 小葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus parvifolius Ching
- 龍勝毛蕨 Cyclosorus parvilobus Ching et Shing ex Shing
- 少羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus paucipinnus Ching et C. F. Zhang
- 齒片毛蕨 Cyclosorus pauciserratus Ching et C. F. Zhang
- 屏山毛蕨 Cyclosorus pingshanensis Ching et H. S. Kung
- 無腺毛蕨 Cyclosorus procurrens (Mett. ) Ching
- 蘭嶼大葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus productus (Kaulf. ) Ching
- 越北毛蕨 Cyclosorus proximus Ching et C. H. Wang
- 假乾旱毛蕨 Cyclosorus pseudoaridus Ching ex Shing
- 楔形毛蕨 Cyclosorus pseudocuneatus Ching ex Shing
- 狹葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus pumilus Ching ex Shing
- 泡泡毛蕨 Cyclosorus pustuliferus Ching ex Shing
- 矮毛蕨 Cyclosorus pygmaeus Ching et C. F. Zhang
- 石生毛蕨 Cyclosorus rupicola Ching
- 三都毛蕨 Cyclosorus sanduensis Shing et P. S. Wang
- 糙葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus scaberulus Ching
- 鋸齒毛蕨 Cyclosorus serrifer Ching ex Shing
- 沙坪壩毛蕨 Cyclosorus shapingbaensis Ching ex Shing
- 石門毛蕨 Cyclosorus simenensis Shing et C. M. Zhang
- 同羽毛蕨 Cyclosorus simillimus Ching ex Shing
- 擬漸尖毛蕨 Cyclosorus sino-acuminatus Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 中華齒狀毛蕨 Cyclosorus sinodentatus Ching et Z. Y. Liu
- 疏囊毛蕨 Cyclosorus sparsisorus Ching ex Shing
- 狹腳毛蕨 Cyclosorus stenopes Ching et Shing ex Shing
- 假漸尖毛蕨 Cyclosorus subacuminatus Ching ex Shing et J. F. Cheng
- 短尖毛蕨 Cyclosorus subacutus Ching
- 堅葉毛蕨 Cyclosorus subcoriaceus Ching ex Shing
- 巨型毛蕨 Cyclosorus subelatus (Bak. ) Ching
- 萬金毛蕨 Cyclosorus subnamburensis Ching ex Shing
- 台灣毛蕨 Cyclosorus taiwanensis (C. Chr.) H. Ito
- 泰寧毛蕨 Cyclosorus tarningensis Ching
- 頂育毛蕨 Cyclosorus terminans (Hook. ) Shing
- 河邊毛蕨 Cyclosorus transitorius Ching ex Shing
- 黃志毛蕨 Cyclosorus wangii Ching
- 望謨毛蕨 Cyclosorus wangmoensis Shing et P. S. Wang
- 溫州毛蕨 Cyclosorus wenzhouensis Shing et C. F. Zhang
- 武陵毛蕨 Cyclosorus wulingshanensis C. M. Zhang
- 尋烏毛蕨 Cyclosorus xunwuensis Ching et J. F. Cheng
- 雁盪毛蕨 Cyclosorus yandangensis Ching et Shing
- 元江毛蕨 Cyclosorus yuanjiangensis Ching ex Shing
- 雲南毛蕨 Cyclosorus yunnanensis Ching ex Shing
- 朝芳毛蕨 Cyclosorus zhangii Shing
生長環境
主要生長於海拔130-650米溪邊林下或山谷濕地。
分布範圍
主要分布於台灣（台北、南投、台南、高雄、屏東、台東）、福建（南靖）、廣東（英德）海南（陵水、尖山）、廣西（大瑤山、百色、武鳴、大明山）、雲南（金平、河口、西雙版納）。也廣布於日本、緬甸、印度、中南半島、斯里蘭卡、馬來西亞、波利尼西亞、菲律濱及澳大利亞北部。
本種提示
本種變異頗大，我國產的許多標本，其羽片基部往往變寬，但其他特徵與模式標本無異。尖裂毛蕨Cyclosorus truncatus var. acutiloba Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol.Bot. ser. 8：219. 1938.產雲南耿洪和木安（Keng Hung & Muang Hing）。秦後來又將之升為C. kenghungensis Ching in Herb.。正如原描述所說，除了葉草質，裂片先端尖或微尖外，和原變種無異。北京標本館僅存一中部羽片，其側脈在缺刻下有2 1/2-3對，脈間無泡狀凸起。