台灣剪股穎檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 台灣剪股穎 |
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中文學名:台灣剪股穎 拉丁學名:Agrostis sozanensis 門:被子植物門 科:禾本科 屬:剪股穎屬 |
台灣剪股穎(tái wān jiǎn gǔ yǐng)，學名 Agrostis sozanensis Hayata，俗名：外玉山剪股穎、川中剪股穎，異名：Agrostis transmorrisonensis Agrostis transmorrisonensis var. opienensis Agrostis canina var. formosana ，是禾本科剪股穎屬植物。 [1]
簡介
台灣剪股穎，多年生草本，稈叢生，葉片扁平，微粗糙;圓錐花序疏鬆開展，具多個小枝;花果期夏秋季。產各地，生山坡、田野之潮濕處。分布於中國長江以南地區，日本、朝鮮和菲律賓也有。
台灣剪股穎（變種）
多年生草本，具根狀莖。稈叢生，直立或基部稍傾斜上升，高達90厘米，直徑1-1.2毫米，具3-5節。葉鞘無毛，上部葉鞘短於節間；葉舌干膜質，先端鈍或平截，長2-6毫米；
葉片線形，長7-20(30)厘米，寬2-5毫米，扁平或先端內捲成錐狀，微粗糙。圓錐花序尖塔形或長圓形，長15-30厘米，寬3-10厘米，疏鬆開展；
分枝多至10餘枚，少者2-4枚，平展或上舉，下部有1/2-2/3裸露無小穗，細弱，微粗糙；小穗柄長1-3.5毫米；兩穎近等長或第一穎稍長，脊上微粗糙，先端尖或漸尖；
外稃長1.5-2毫米，先端鈍或平截，微具齒5脈明顯，中部以下着生1芒，芒長 0.8-2毫米，細直或微扭，基盤兩側有長0.2毫米的短毛；內稃長約0.5毫米；花葯線形，長1-1.2毫米。花果期夏秋季。
與原變種的主要區別為花序長15-20厘米，寬3厘米，輪廓成長披針形。外稃長1.5-1.7毫米，先端急尖，芒着生在外稃背部2/3-4/5處；內稃長僅0.2毫米。
Agrostis canina Linnaeus var. formosana Hackel; A. transmorrisonensis Hayata; A. transmorrisonensis var. opienensis Keng ex Y. C. Yang.
Perennial, loosely tufted, shortly rhizomatous. Culms erect or ascending, up to 90 cm tall, 1–1.2(–2.5) mm in diam., 3–5-noded. Leaf sheaths smooth; leaf blades narrowly linear, flat or weakly involute toward apex, 7–20 cm × 2–5 mm, both surfaces scabrid; ligule 2–6 mm, apex obtuse or truncate. Panicle open, lax, broadly elliptic to narrowly ovate in outline, 15–30 cm; branches 2–4(–10) per node, capillary, widely ascending, flexuous, up to 10 cm, scabrid, lower 1/2–2/3 bare. Spikelets 1.8–2.7(–3) mm, green or tinged purplish red; glumes subequal or lower glume slightly longer than upper glume, keel scabrid, apex acute or acuminate; callus hairs 0.1–0.2 mm; lemma 2/3–3/4 spikelet length, awned from middle or above, apex obtuse or truncate; awn variable, up to 2(–3) mm, straight or slightly bent; palea 0.25–0.5 mm, 1/4–1/3 lemma length. Anthers 0.7–1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. summer and autumn.
- Moist ground, near roads, on slopes; below 2700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The development and position of the awn are variable in this species. It is usually bent and exserted from the spikelet, but may be shorter and straight. It may arise from the middle to the upper quarter of the lemma back. Occasionally, awnless spikelets may occur in a panicle where most spikelets are awned. The distinction from Agrostis infirma is based mainly on the presence of awns, coupled with slightly longer paleas and anthers.
Agrostis sozanensis is very close to A. canina Linnaeus. Agrostis canina is distinguished by the presence of creeping surface stolons, an awn arising from the lower part of the lemma back, and anthers 1–1.5 mm.
The name Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuckerman has been misapplied to A. sozanensis. Agrostis sozanensis and A. transmorrisonensis were published simultaneously, but A. sozanensis has priority when they are regarded as synonyms, since A. sozanensis was chosen first, by Koyama (Grasses Japan Neighboring Regions, 485. 1987). The identity of the taxon named A. transmorrisonensis var. kunyushanensis F. Z. Li (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 11(2): 28. 1991), described from Shandong (Kunyu Shan), is uncertain. The type has not been seen.
產地生境
產四川中部。生於海拔2500-3000米的路邊、山坡上部、冷杉林跡地處。模式標本采自四川峨邊縣。
分類文獻
《中國植物志》 第9(3)卷 (1987) >> 249頁 PDF >> 川中剪股穎 Agrostis transmorrisonensis var. opienensis
SYN 註：學名已修訂，接受名為Agrostis sozanensis。 24b. 川中剪股穎（變種）
Agrostis transmorrisonensis Hayata var. opienensis Keng ex Y. C. Yang, 植物研究4 (4) : 101. 1984.