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<div style="float:right; margin:-10px 10px 0 10px; text-align:left"> {| class="wikitable" |<center>'''圖片名稱'''</center><img src="影像網址" width="250"><br> <small>[影像網址 原圖鏈結] [來源網站網址 圖片來自]</small> |} </div> '''伯明罕'''(Birmingham)<ref>[http://www.towngoodies.com/town:us-al-birmingham 美國城鎮旅遊網],wikidot</ref>是[[美国]][[阿拉巴马州]]最大的城市,也是[[杰斐逊县 (阿拉巴马州)|杰斐逊县]]的县治所在。名校阿拉巴馬大學伯明翰分校,學校創立在1969年,所獲得的研究基金每年高達五億美元,為全美前二十名,阿拉巴馬州第一名,比本州其他學校加起來的總數還多,也是世界聞名的研究大學及醫學中心。<ref>[https://ohstudy.net/page_school.php?countey=OA&schid=554 The University of Alabama at Birmingham 阿拉巴馬大學伯明翰分校],ohstudy.net</ref>伯明翰建于1871年,当时是以工业城市来建设的,有一部分参与建设伯明翰市的原住居民是英格兰裔<ref>{{Cite_book |last=Pickett |first=Albert James |title=History of Alabama, and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the Earliest Period |year=1851 |edition =Originally published: 1851 |publisher=Walker & James |location=Charleston, S.C. |language=en |isbn=978-1880216705 |page=391, 686 |url=http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cmamcrk4/pktfm.html |author2=Owen |author3=Thomas McAdory |display-authors=(Latter author added the last 100 pages of work's currently-prevalent format as "Owen's Annals of Alabama, 1819–1900", at the request of The Webb Book Company, Birmingham, for a 1900 reprint) |chapter=(Volume 1 of 2) |accessdate=July 4, 2012 |archiveurl=http://books.google.com/books/reader?id=3H0FAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&source=gbs_atb_hover |archivedate=July 4, 2012}}{{Cite_book |last=Pickett |first=Albert James |title=History of Alabama, and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the Earliest Period |year=2003 |edition =Reprint: 2003 |publisher= River City Publishing |location=Montgomery, Ala. |language=en |isbn=978-1880216705 |page=391, 686 |url=http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cmamcrk4/pktfm.html |author2=Owen |author3=Thomas McAdory |display-authors=(2003 Reprint: with a foreword by Wayne Greenhaw and an introduction by Phil Beidler) |chapter=(Volume 1 of 2) |accessdate=July 4, 2012 |archiveurl=http://books.google.com/books/reader?id=3H0FAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&source=gbs_atb_hover |archivedate=July 4, 2012}}</ref> ,因此它的名字也正源自于[[英国]]主要的工业城市[[伯明翰]]。如今,伯明翰与[[亚特兰大 (佐治亚州)|亚特兰大]]、[[迈阿密 (佛罗里达州)|迈阿密]]和[[新奥尔良 (路易斯安那州)|新奥尔良]]一起,都是美国东南部重要的商业中心。
在内战后的重建时期,以Elyton镇为首的三个由农场组成的镇合并成了现在的伯明翰市。从Elyton镇开始,逐渐兼并了附近的几个小城镇,形成了一个以采矿业、钢铁业和铁路建设为主要行业的工业和铁路运输中心。以一个作家的观点,这个城市为了与中西部和东北部的城市竞争,它当初被设计成一个生活成本低,没有工会组织,并且来自亚拉巴马州农村的非裔美国人能够被钢厂雇佣的城市。<ref>The Most Segregated City in America: City Planning and Civil Rights in Birmingham, 1920–1980, p. 14.</ref>