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{| class="wikitable" align="right"|-| style="background: #FF2400" align= center| 《 '''<big> 僧侣 》是百花文艺出版社出版的图书，作者是 - 赵炎秋。马修路易斯的 英国 小说 《僧侣》中 </big>'''|-|<center><img src=https://so1.360tres.com/t0151b6a98f6e071b46.jpg width="300"></center><small>[https://baike.so.com/gallery/list?ghid=first&pic_idx=1&eid=6305368&sid=10501855 来自 呢图网 的 主要情节，是叙述其主角Ambrosio，如何从一个以性道德与修养高超而出名的圣人，快速地堕落成一个令人发指的罪犯之过程;图片]</small>|-| style="background: #FF2400" align= center| '''<big></big>'''
[英] M. G. 刘易斯(Lewis)的《僧侣》(The Monk)
副标题: 外国争议文学名著丛书
作者: [英] M. G. [[ 刘易斯]]
页数: 430
ISBN: 9787530626849
马修·刘易斯，英国小说家，剧作家，生于伦敦，1796年出版小
说《僧侣》，因而获和得"僧人刘易斯"的绰号。他还著有剧本《舌堡魅影》《东印度人》、《鞑靼帖木儿》等，并与瓦尔特，司各特、罗伯特，骚塞合作，出版诗集《神圣故事》。他写的一些歌谣对司各特的早期诗歌创作产生了影响。
路易斯透过Ambrosio这个人物，事实上是要宣扬中庸的哲理。社会制度与组织对个人欲望的压抑，及其后来欲望解放的反弹力量都是非常具有破坏性;且常常容易 [[ 失控 ]] 的。有鉴于此，十八世纪末爆发的法国大革命及其诉求，常常会跟同时期流行于英国的惊悚小说中的素材及表现方法产生联想，并且做比较。反教会，反特权及反压迫的革命力量，以及后来所引发的暴力，混乱与失控埸面往往会透过惊悚小说以寓言的方式程现出来。
此外，透过女性情欲在小说中的展现，路易斯把重点放在对传统的关注上。他同时认为，个人欲望的满足，跟一己幸福的 [[ 追求 ]] ，是有必要适度地与社会的道德规范做妥协。总得说来，社会秩序与阶级才是路易斯所支持的。不过他所支持的秩序与阶级是更开明且革新的，是经过与改革的力量和个人的诉求谈判后的结果。
最后，从小说的出版跟当时读者的反应来看，不难发现，类似的冲突也发生在作者身上。路易斯面临了如何在个人写作的理念，创作的坚持，跟社会期待与责任上来做妥协。虽然他最后做出了让步，把一些政府或批评家认为不道德或亵渎的章节删去;不过也有人指出，这些动作只不过是表面的妥协或 [[ 敷衍 ]] 的动作，因为路易斯一直都以写了这本 [[ 小说 ]] 为傲，且也很享受被称呼为"Monk Lewis", 这外号当然来自于他的 [[ 得意之作 ]] 《僧侣》。
【英文摘要】 Matthew Lewis's The Monk focuses on the process of Ambrosio's moral and sexual fall from a holy saint of Madrid to an outrageous criminal. Among the causes of his rapid corruption, the conflict between the continent life of religion and human instinctual sexual desire is the main one. Because of the seclusion from the world outside the monastery and the Catholic idolatry, in Ambrosio's world, there is only one type of femininity which he regards as true and acceptable, that is, the ideal type of the sacred Virgin Mary. Hence, the Virgin Mary naturally becomes the archetype or the object of his desire. It is this sexualizaion of the sacred as well as the idealization of femininity that causes Ambrosio's final perdition.
At last, in terms of the publication of The Monk and its reception, we can also see the conflict between the writer's individual freedom and public moral concerns. Under a strict censorship, Lewis was demanded by the government to expurgate some "immoral" passages in case it should pollute the reader's mind. As a result, not only Lewis's characters in the book but also himself had to face the dilemma how to reconcile personal desires with social expectations or whether to recklessly pursue the self integrity even at the expense of moral values and conventions. He reconciled eventually and had the following editions published with the expurgation of the immoral paragraphs. However, some critics point out that the action is just a cynical gesture or compromise while Lewis in fact quite enjoyed being called Monk Lewis, which, of course, is in association with its putative obscene book, The Monk.
== 参考资料 ==
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