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生命
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'''生命''' (''' life''' )， 泛指一类具有稳定的[[物质]]和[[能量]][[代谢]]现象并且能回应[[刺激]]、能进行自我复制（[[繁殖]]）的半开放物质系统。简单来说，也就是由有生命机制的物体<ref name=Koshland>{{Cite journal |title=The Seven Pillars of Life |journal=Science |date=March 22, 2002 |first=Daniel E. |last=Koshland, Jr. |volume=295 |issue=5563 |pages=2215–2216 |doi= 10.1126/science.1068489 |url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/295/5563/2215 |accessdate=2009-05-25 |pmid=11910092}}</ref><ref name=AHDLife>The ''American Heritage Dictionary'' of the English Language, 4th edition, published by Houghton Mifflin Company, via [http://www.answers.com/topic/life Answers.com]:
* "The property or quality that distinguishes living organisms from dead organisms and inanimate matter, manifested in functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli or adaptation to the environment originating from within the organism."
* "The characteristic state or condition of a living organism."</ref>。生命个体一定会经历[[出生]]、[[成长]]、[[衰老]]和[[死亡]]。生命种群则在一代代个体的更替中经过[[自然选择]]发生[[进化]]以适应环境。[[生物学]]则是以研究生命为中心的[[科学]]。