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罗马天主教会

移除 3,212 位元組, 3 年前
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{{Infobox Christian branch|name = [[File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg|50px|圣座徽章]]<br /><div style="font-size: 120%">天主教会</div>{{lang|la|Ecclesia catholica}}{{la icon}}|image = File:Petersdom von Engelsburg gesehen.jpg|imagewidth = 225|imagealttext = 圣伯多禄大殿|caption = [[梵蒂冈]][[圣伯多禄大殿]]|main_classification = [[天主教]]|orientation = |theology = [[天主教神学]]|polity = {{le|主教政体|Episcopal polity}}<ref name="Episcopal_Polity">{{cite web |title=Notes of the Episcopal Polity of the Holy Catholic Church |last=Marshall |first=Thomas William |date = 1844 |location=London |publisher=Levey, Rossen and Franklin}}</ref>|governance = |structure = |leader/moderator =|leader_title = 领袖|leader_name = [[教宗]]{{Incumbent pope}}<br />([[天主教罗马教区|罗马主教]])|leader_title1 = [[天主教会圣统制|行政]]|leader_name1 = [[圣座]]<br />经[[罗马教廷]]执行<!--<ref name="CCC880" /><ref name="CEHierarchy" />-->|fellowships_type = [[个别教会]]|fellowships = 自权教会{{NoteTag|自权教会:[[教宗]]权威之下的自治教会。这些教会各有其独特的历史精神及礼拜传统。[[拉丁礼教会]]为最大教会,由教宗直接管理,规模较小的各个[[东仪天主教会]]则对其内部事宜有较大自主权,但仍同教宗[[共融]]<ref name="suiiuris">{{cite web |url = http://www.scribd.com/doc/2057012/Malankara-Catholic-Church-sui-iuris-Juridical-Status-and-Power-of-Governance |title = Malankara Catholic Church sui iuris: Juridical Status and Power of Governance |website = Scribd |quote=A church ''sui iuris'' is "a community of the Christian faithful, which is joined together by a hierarchy according to the norm of law and which is expressly or tacitly recognized as sui iuris by the supreme authority of the Church" (CCEO.27). The term ''sui iuris'' is an innovation of the CCEO, and it denotes the relative autonomy of the [[Eastern Catholic Churches|oriental Catholic Churches]]. This canonical term, pregnant with many juridical nuances, indicates the God-given mission of the Oriental Catholic Churches to keep up their patrimonial autonomous nature. And the autonomy of these churches is relative in the sense that it is under the supreme authority of the Roman Pontiff. – Fr. Thomas Kuzhinapurath, 1998}}</ref>}}<br />{{·}}[[拉丁礼教会]]<br />{{·}}[[东仪天主教会]](23)<br />教区<br />{{·}}总教区(640)<br />{{·}}一般[[教区]](2,851)|fellowships_type1 = |fellowships1 = |associations =|members = 13亿1327万8000人(截至2017年年末)<ref name="Annuario">{{cite web |title=Other News, 19.10.2019 |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2019/10/19/191019b.html |publisher=Holy See Press Office |accessdate=2019-10-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019133223/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2019/10/19/191019b.html |archivedate=2019-10-19 |language=en |date=2019-10-19}}</ref>|area = 全球|website = {{url|1=https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en.html|2=圣座官方网站(英语)}}|founder = [[耶稣|耶稣基督]]<br />(根据[[圣传|天主教传统]])|founded_date = 1世纪|founded_place = [[罗马帝国]][[犹太 (罗马行省)|犹太行省]][[耶路撒冷]]|separated_from = |congregations = |ministers_type = [[圣职者#天主教|神职人员]]|ministers = [[枢机]]:223<br>[[主教]]:5389(截至2017年年末)<br />[[司铎]]:41万4582(截至2017年年末)<br />[[执事_(基督教)|终身执事]]:46,894(截至2017年年末)|missionaries =|temples =|primary_schools = |secondary_schools = |tax status =|tertiary = |footnotes = }}
| style="background: #66CCFF" align= center|  '''<big>罗马天主教会</big> ''' |- |<center><img src=https://pics6.baidu.com/feed/a1ec08fa513d269742048254a567daff4216d801.png?token=fe3352fe56cfb70c81314a6251e02bc0&s=317E539500E0CF4B10A3EDCD0300F0BB width="250"></center><small>[https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1626060284405091590&wfr=spider&for=pc 来自 百家号 的图片]</small> |- | style="background: #66CCFF" align= center| |- | align= light| 中文名: 罗马天主教会 外文名Roman Catholic Church 别   名:罗马大公教会 相关宗派:[[东正教会]]|} '''天主教会'''({{lang-la|Ecclesia Catholica}};{{lang-gr| ''' καθολικην εκκλησίαν}} ''' ;意为“[[大公教会]]”)是[[基督教|基督宗教]]各[[基督教派系|教派]]中人数最多的[[教会]],其以[[教宗]]为[[领袖]]<ref>[[梵蒂冈第二次大公会议]]《教会》教义宪章第25条:「对于罗马教宗的法定训导权威,更应该表示这种意志及理智的敬重服从,即使教宗不是以正式的宗座权威发言,亦当如此」</ref><ref>《[[天主教法典]]》第333条第3项:「对教宗的判决和法令,不得上诉或诉愿。」</ref><ref>《[[天主教教理]]》第882条:「事实上,罗马教宗...对教会有完全的、最高的、普遍的权力,能时常自由地使用」</ref><ref>《天主教教理》第891条:「罗马教宗,以全体信徒最高牧者和导师的身分,在信仰上坚定其弟兄们,以决定性的行动,宣布一项有关信仰或道德的教义,便以自己职位的名义,享有这种不能错误的神恩」</ref>,故又称'''罗马天主教'''、'''罗马天主教会'''、'''罗马公教会'''或'''罗马大公教会''',对[[西方文明]]有重大的影响。在没有歧义的情况下,天主教会可等同于[[天主教]],后者为[[基督宗教]]三大宗派之一。
== 名称 ==
{{legend|#FF6700|超过 1,000 万}}
{{legend|#FF7518|超过 500 万}}
{{legend|#FFE5B4|超过 100 万}}]]
截至2017年年末,天主教徒为13亿1327万8000人,佔世界人口的17.73%。<ref name="Annuario" />天主教徒佔所有基督徒的一半左右。<ref>{{cite web |title=Major Branches of Religions Ranked by Number of Adherents |url=http://www.adherents.com/adh_branches.html#Christianity |accessdate=2009-07-05 |publisher=adherents.com |archive-date=2015-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315022054/http://www.adherents.com/adh_branches.html#Christianity |dead-url=no }}</ref>
=== 圣经版本 ===
{{or| 天主教会使用的《[[圣经]]》[[圣经汉语译本|汉语译本]],最初是用[[文言文]]来书写,并由拉丁文按照[[明朝官话]]翻译各地和人物的名称。是故,这些名称和[[新教]]由英文所翻译成的圣经不同;从翻译原本上说,现在天主教会主流採用的是[[思高圣经学会]]由圣经各种原文[[希伯来文]]、[[希腊文]]等翻译成的[[圣经思高本|思高本]],新教则是採用从圣经英语版本翻译成的[[圣经和合本|和合本]]。所以直到现在,中国的天主教会和新教诸派都没有一本共同的圣经版本(有四部福音的合译本,但人名与地名各自保留原有的名称)
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* [https://www.youtube.com/user/vatican 梵蒂冈新闻网YouTube频道]
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[[Category:200 宗教总论]]
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