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瑶山杜鹃
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'''瑶山杜鹃'''
[[File:瑶山杜鹃1.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=1422501353,380632857&os=3766794477,1438951489&simid=27154806,960720452&pn=1&rn=1&di=27730&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftimg01.bdimg.com%2Ftimg%3Fpacompress%26imgtype%3D1%26sec%3D1439619614%26autorotate%3D1%26di%3Dc7305477e2d16972d073c011f581047f%26quality%3D90%26size%3Db870_10000%26src%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fbos.nj.bpc.baidu.com%2Fv1%2Fmediaspot%2F707f6bce57698&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=1422501353,380632857&os=3766794477,1438951489&simid=27154806,960720452&pn=1&rn=1&di=27730&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftimg01.bdimg.com%2Ftimg%3Fpacompress%26imgtype%3D1%26sec%3D1439619614%26autorotate%3D1%26di%3Dc7305477e2d16972d073c011f581047f%26quality%3D90%26size%3Db870_10000%26src%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fbos.nj.bpc.baidu.com%2Fv1%2Fmediaspot%2F707f6bce57698&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
瑶山杜鹃（[[学名：Rhododendron yaoshanicum]]），杜鹃属。小灌木；小枝纤细，密被腺头刚毛；老枝灰色或灰褐色，近于无毛。
产[[中国广西中部]]和[[东部]]。生于密林中。因其花长的美丽，具有栽培和园艺价值。
（概述图参考资料来源： <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/6ab3ScGnBsc8akLpyGnGw2LldgcjNlbdtVY-PHFTQiEgvHlf9lIrZxwOYygV78mqFEGQNnkMn5xQJVE-7eb2Za_XFru_pmbdrGsTE0BIOyvaxSpHsXxO_RokvcH9jw | 新华网，引用日期2014-10-15] </ref> ）
==形态特征==
小灌木；小枝纤细，密被腺头刚毛；老枝灰色或灰褐色，近于无毛。
叶薄纸质，散生，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10-18厘米，稀达20厘米，宽3-6（-8）厘米，先端渐尖，具短尖头，基部近于圆形或微偏斜，边缘全缘，散生短刚毛，上面暗绿色，近于无毛，下面灰白色，干后灰褐色，疏被短刚毛；中脉在上面微下凹，下面显著凸起，侧脉15-17对，仅下面显著，未达边缘隐匿不现；叶柄长7-17毫米，密被棕褐色刚毛。
伞形花序顶生，有花10-15朵；花梗长达1.2厘米，密被棕褐色短刚毛，花萼5裂，裂片三角状卵形，外面及边缘被棕褐色刚毛；花冠漏斗状钟形，红色，长1.2-1.4厘米，直径1厘米，花冠管圆筒状，长6-7毫米，径3.5-4毫米，两面均无毛，向上逐渐扩大，裂片5，椭圆形或倒卵形，顶端钝，开展，长7毫米，宽3-4毫米；雄蕊5，等长，长2.2厘米，伸出花冠外，花丝扁平，无毛，花药长圆形，长3毫米；子房卵球形，长2.5毫米，密被棕褐色短刚毛，花柱长约2.4厘米，比雄蕊长，淡紫色，初时中部以下具开展的短柄腺体，后具腺头毛。
蒴果长圆柱形或长圆状卵球形，长5-7毫米，密被短刚毛。花萼及花柱均宿存。花期5月，果期9月。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/5ac7zdCVMvnOt3NJIIn0xLW6XgOlKdFEluBDzhL48qkMhidC2nn1er0QGaWHnzveXuHZMedgOi_Isu54LxrKvWp2mE0P3pLkG9p_efOSxBPV-vBKFrVA_dNJMcd5IKmVrKBJXEwgulDQ | 中国植物物种信息数据库，引用日期2012-10-18] </ref>
[[File:瑶山杜鹃2.jpg|缩略图|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=3116287649,1303813738&os=642795310,1648989494&simid=3458976874,434110409&pn=2&rn=1&di=47300&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fphoto.qdn.cn%2Fuploadfile%2F2015%2F0428%2F20150428113341683.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=3116287649,1303813738&os=642795310,1648989494&simid=3458976874,434110409&pn=2&rn=1&di=47300&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fphoto.qdn.cn%2Fuploadfile%2F2015%2F0428%2F20150428113341683.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
==产地分布==
[[中国广西中部]]和[[东部]]。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/eafcbXk27TA5cNORz0RWv1-STJCL0QbN5P61FwQ6W7NCQPCQ4CG0fBV5Z05-YGATv5ywI-I5HvefVCInTlGtFPzi7TH2T0c | 植物智，引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
==生长习性==
[[File:瑶山杜鹃3.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=426495933,2772180861&os=3078905643,1742745447&simid=0,0&pn=9&rn=1&di=46870&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg.mp.itc.cn%2Fq_70%2Cc_zoom%2Cw_640%2Fupload%2F20160512%2Fe88c223ec2c44464820d9a5f8b18d898_th.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=426495933,2772180861&os=3078905643,1742745447&simid=0,0&pn=9&rn=1&di=46870&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg.mp.itc.cn%2Fq_70%2Cc_zoom%2Cw_640%2Fupload%2F20160512%2Fe88c223ec2c44464820d9a5f8b18d898_th.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
生于密林中。喜凉爽湿润的气候，恶酷热干燥。要求富含腐殖质、疏松、湿润及pH在5.5-6.5之间的酸性土壤。部分种及园艺品种的适应性较强，耐干旱，瘠薄，土壤pH在7-8之间也能生长。但在粘重或通透性差的土壤上，生长不良。杜鹃花对光有一定要求，但不耐曝晒，夏秋应有落叶乔木或荫棚遮挡烈日，并经常以水喷洒地面。杜鹃花抽梢一般在春秋二季，以春梢为主。最适宜的生长温度为15-20℃，3-5月开花，杜鹃花耐修剪。一般在5月前进行修剪，所发新梢，当年均能形成花蕾，过晚则影响开花。
==繁殖方式==
===扦插===
扦插繁殖是杜鹃花栽培中应用最多的繁殖方法，一般在5-6月份剪取健壮的半木质化的新枝，长约5-8厘米，剪除下部叶片，保留顶叶2-3片作插穗，插穗基部最好用吲哚丁酸或ABT生根粉等溶液浸蘸处理，然后扦插在疏松透气、富含腐植质的酸性土壤中，温度保持在20-25℃，遮阴并经常喷雾保湿，以促进萌发新根。
===嫩枝===
嫩枝繁殖是用劈接对于难以成活的名贵品种如西鹃等，先剪去嫩枝约3-4厘米作接穗，将基部用利刀削成楔形，用毛鹃作砧木，采用嫩枝劈接，然后置阴棚下用塑料薄膜绑扎，并用塑料袋将接穗和砧木一起罩住保湿。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/e5a8CMgVXMWtSfJxR_JFi9b2JIQqljssg-wCoPo7RUdiUBXjjCBMXnXttb4522Yvz4zs9k9qe0TszVyWEMWrsCIoz90ZPU35N7k | 广西农业信息网，引用日期2014-10-12] </ref>
[[File:瑶山杜鹃4.jpg|缩略图|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=397840037,3347585249&os=3549271056,2489980454&simid=3455237037,482786827&pn=13&rn=1&di=58080&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg8.zol.com.cn%2Fbbs%2Fupload%2F18293%2F18292925.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=397840037,3347585249&os=3549271056,2489980454&simid=3455237037,482786827&pn=13&rn=1&di=58080&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg8.zol.com.cn%2Fbbs%2Fupload%2F18293%2F18292925.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
==主要价值==
杜鹃枝繁叶茂，萌发力强，耐修剪，根桩奇特，是优良的盆景材料。
园林中最宜在林缘、溪边、池畔及岩石旁成丛成片栽植，也可于疏林下散植，是花篱的良好材料，可经修剪培育成各种形态。
花季中绽放给人热闹而喧腾的感觉，不是花季，深绿色的叶片可栽种在庭园中做为矮墙或屏障。
==近种提示==
[[File:瑶山杜鹃5.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=2006016711,1105627922&os=3850315838,2009717622&simid=3487966067,395002616&pn=5&rn=1&di=28160&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fs8.sinaimg.cn%2Fmw690%2F001kY777gy6I6HxX1JR77%26690&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=2006016711,1105627922&os=3850315838,2009717622&simid=3487966067,395002616&pn=5&rn=1&di=28160&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fs8.sinaimg.cn%2Fmw690%2F001kY777gy6I6HxX1JR77%26690&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
该种与金秀杜鹃R.Jinxiuense Fang et M.Y.He相近，但该种的叶纸质，较大，长达20厘米，雄蕊5，等长，花丝无毛，花柱中部以下有开展的短柄腺体，易于区别。
==参考文献==
{{Reflist}}
[[File:瑶山杜鹃1.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=1422501353,380632857&os=3766794477,1438951489&simid=27154806,960720452&pn=1&rn=1&di=27730&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftimg01.bdimg.com%2Ftimg%3Fpacompress%26imgtype%3D1%26sec%3D1439619614%26autorotate%3D1%26di%3Dc7305477e2d16972d073c011f581047f%26quality%3D90%26size%3Db870_10000%26src%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fbos.nj.bpc.baidu.com%2Fv1%2Fmediaspot%2F707f6bce57698&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=1422501353,380632857&os=3766794477,1438951489&simid=27154806,960720452&pn=1&rn=1&di=27730&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftimg01.bdimg.com%2Ftimg%3Fpacompress%26imgtype%3D1%26sec%3D1439619614%26autorotate%3D1%26di%3Dc7305477e2d16972d073c011f581047f%26quality%3D90%26size%3Db870_10000%26src%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fbos.nj.bpc.baidu.com%2Fv1%2Fmediaspot%2F707f6bce57698&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
瑶山杜鹃（[[学名：Rhododendron yaoshanicum]]），杜鹃属。小灌木；小枝纤细，密被腺头刚毛；老枝灰色或灰褐色，近于无毛。
产[[中国广西中部]]和[[东部]]。生于密林中。因其花长的美丽，具有栽培和园艺价值。
（概述图参考资料来源： <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/6ab3ScGnBsc8akLpyGnGw2LldgcjNlbdtVY-PHFTQiEgvHlf9lIrZxwOYygV78mqFEGQNnkMn5xQJVE-7eb2Za_XFru_pmbdrGsTE0BIOyvaxSpHsXxO_RokvcH9jw | 新华网，引用日期2014-10-15] </ref> ）
==形态特征==
小灌木；小枝纤细，密被腺头刚毛；老枝灰色或灰褐色，近于无毛。
叶薄纸质，散生，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10-18厘米，稀达20厘米，宽3-6（-8）厘米，先端渐尖，具短尖头，基部近于圆形或微偏斜，边缘全缘，散生短刚毛，上面暗绿色，近于无毛，下面灰白色，干后灰褐色，疏被短刚毛；中脉在上面微下凹，下面显著凸起，侧脉15-17对，仅下面显著，未达边缘隐匿不现；叶柄长7-17毫米，密被棕褐色刚毛。
伞形花序顶生，有花10-15朵；花梗长达1.2厘米，密被棕褐色短刚毛，花萼5裂，裂片三角状卵形，外面及边缘被棕褐色刚毛；花冠漏斗状钟形，红色，长1.2-1.4厘米，直径1厘米，花冠管圆筒状，长6-7毫米，径3.5-4毫米，两面均无毛，向上逐渐扩大，裂片5，椭圆形或倒卵形，顶端钝，开展，长7毫米，宽3-4毫米；雄蕊5，等长，长2.2厘米，伸出花冠外，花丝扁平，无毛，花药长圆形，长3毫米；子房卵球形，长2.5毫米，密被棕褐色短刚毛，花柱长约2.4厘米，比雄蕊长，淡紫色，初时中部以下具开展的短柄腺体，后具腺头毛。
蒴果长圆柱形或长圆状卵球形，长5-7毫米，密被短刚毛。花萼及花柱均宿存。花期5月，果期9月。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/5ac7zdCVMvnOt3NJIIn0xLW6XgOlKdFEluBDzhL48qkMhidC2nn1er0QGaWHnzveXuHZMedgOi_Isu54LxrKvWp2mE0P3pLkG9p_efOSxBPV-vBKFrVA_dNJMcd5IKmVrKBJXEwgulDQ | 中国植物物种信息数据库，引用日期2012-10-18] </ref>
[[File:瑶山杜鹃2.jpg|缩略图|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=3116287649,1303813738&os=642795310,1648989494&simid=3458976874,434110409&pn=2&rn=1&di=47300&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fphoto.qdn.cn%2Fuploadfile%2F2015%2F0428%2F20150428113341683.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=3116287649,1303813738&os=642795310,1648989494&simid=3458976874,434110409&pn=2&rn=1&di=47300&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fphoto.qdn.cn%2Fuploadfile%2F2015%2F0428%2F20150428113341683.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
==产地分布==
[[中国广西中部]]和[[东部]]。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/eafcbXk27TA5cNORz0RWv1-STJCL0QbN5P61FwQ6W7NCQPCQ4CG0fBV5Z05-YGATv5ywI-I5HvefVCInTlGtFPzi7TH2T0c | 植物智，引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
==生长习性==
[[File:瑶山杜鹃3.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=426495933,2772180861&os=3078905643,1742745447&simid=0,0&pn=9&rn=1&di=46870&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg.mp.itc.cn%2Fq_70%2Cc_zoom%2Cw_640%2Fupload%2F20160512%2Fe88c223ec2c44464820d9a5f8b18d898_th.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=426495933,2772180861&os=3078905643,1742745447&simid=0,0&pn=9&rn=1&di=46870&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=15&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg.mp.itc.cn%2Fq_70%2Cc_zoom%2Cw_640%2Fupload%2F20160512%2Fe88c223ec2c44464820d9a5f8b18d898_th.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
生于密林中。喜凉爽湿润的气候，恶酷热干燥。要求富含腐殖质、疏松、湿润及pH在5.5-6.5之间的酸性土壤。部分种及园艺品种的适应性较强，耐干旱，瘠薄，土壤pH在7-8之间也能生长。但在粘重或通透性差的土壤上，生长不良。杜鹃花对光有一定要求，但不耐曝晒，夏秋应有落叶乔木或荫棚遮挡烈日，并经常以水喷洒地面。杜鹃花抽梢一般在春秋二季，以春梢为主。最适宜的生长温度为15-20℃，3-5月开花，杜鹃花耐修剪。一般在5月前进行修剪，所发新梢，当年均能形成花蕾，过晚则影响开花。
==繁殖方式==
===扦插===
扦插繁殖是杜鹃花栽培中应用最多的繁殖方法，一般在5-6月份剪取健壮的半木质化的新枝，长约5-8厘米，剪除下部叶片，保留顶叶2-3片作插穗，插穗基部最好用吲哚丁酸或ABT生根粉等溶液浸蘸处理，然后扦插在疏松透气、富含腐植质的酸性土壤中，温度保持在20-25℃，遮阴并经常喷雾保湿，以促进萌发新根。
===嫩枝===
嫩枝繁殖是用劈接对于难以成活的名贵品种如西鹃等，先剪去嫩枝约3-4厘米作接穗，将基部用利刀削成楔形，用毛鹃作砧木，采用嫩枝劈接，然后置阴棚下用塑料薄膜绑扎，并用塑料袋将接穗和砧木一起罩住保湿。 <ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/8881968/e5a8CMgVXMWtSfJxR_JFi9b2JIQqljssg-wCoPo7RUdiUBXjjCBMXnXttb4522Yvz4zs9k9qe0TszVyWEMWrsCIoz90ZPU35N7k | 广西农业信息网，引用日期2014-10-12] </ref>
[[File:瑶山杜鹃4.jpg|缩略图|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=397840037,3347585249&os=3549271056,2489980454&simid=3455237037,482786827&pn=13&rn=1&di=58080&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg8.zol.com.cn%2Fbbs%2Fupload%2F18293%2F18292925.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=397840037,3347585249&os=3549271056,2489980454&simid=3455237037,482786827&pn=13&rn=1&di=58080&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimg8.zol.com.cn%2Fbbs%2Fupload%2F18293%2F18292925.jpg&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
==主要价值==
杜鹃枝繁叶茂，萌发力强，耐修剪，根桩奇特，是优良的盆景材料。
园林中最宜在林缘、溪边、池畔及岩石旁成丛成片栽植，也可于疏林下散植，是花篱的良好材料，可经修剪培育成各种形态。
花季中绽放给人热闹而喧腾的感觉，不是花季，深绿色的叶片可栽种在庭园中做为矮墙或屏障。
==近种提示==
[[File:瑶山杜鹃5.jpg|缩略图|左|瑶山杜鹃[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=2006016711,1105627922&os=3850315838,2009717622&simid=3487966067,395002616&pn=5&rn=1&di=28160&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fs8.sinaimg.cn%2Fmw690%2F001kY777gy6I6HxX1JR77%26690&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 原图连接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=undefined&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&word=%E7%91%B6%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87&step_word=&ie=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&cs=2006016711,1105627922&os=3850315838,2009717622&simid=3487966067,395002616&pn=5&rn=1&di=28160&ln=454&fr=&fmq=1598344858622_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&is=0,0&istype=0&ist=&jit=&bdtype=0&spn=0&pi=0&gsm=0&hs=2&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fs8.sinaimg.cn%2Fmw690%2F001kY777gy6I6HxX1JR77%26690&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&adpicid=0&force=undefined 图片来源百度网]]]
该种与金秀杜鹃R.Jinxiuense Fang et M.Y.He相近，但该种的叶纸质，较大，长达20厘米，雄蕊5，等长，花丝无毛，花柱中部以下有开展的短柄腺体，易于区别。
==参考文献==
{{Reflist}}