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花卉种类

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無編輯摘要
花卉,具有观赏价值的草本植物,是用来描绘欣赏的植物的统称,喜阳且耐寒,具有繁殖功能的短枝,有许多种类。典型的花,在一个有限生长的短轴上,着生花萼、花瓣和产生生殖细胞的雄蕊与雌蕊。花由花冠、花萼、花托、花蕊组成,有各种各样的颜色,长得也各种各样,有香味或无香味等。
[[File:花卉3.jpg|缩略图|花卉1[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=14&spn=0&di=39490&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1457598720%2C3984011414&os=3830395962%2C1981345015&simid=3428396522%2C355218475&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fmap1.zw3e.com%2Fzw_news_map%2F550%2F2016011%2F1452516095483693412.png&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bzonj_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FlbdAzdH3Fjbbmb_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=f&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
==形态结构==
===[[花托]]===
是花梗顶端略膨大的部分,着生花萼、花冠等部分,有多种形状。
[[File:花卉4.jpg|缩略图|花卉2[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=72&spn=0&di=77550&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=2703331250%2C2328970135&os=349722085%2C2398528986&simid=3369893019%2C402531611&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fm.360buyimg.com%2Fn12%2Fjfs%2Ft2128%2F189%2F1274219102%2F165352%2F99473c49%2F56528e42N7cf17bdc.jpg!q70.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Ftpj4_z%26e3B4_z%26e3B31_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3Fr6517vpAzdH3F8aa9m0cl0a0_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=49&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
===[[花萼]]===
===[[花被]]===
花萼和花冠的合称。常分为两被花、单被花、无被花(裸花)三类。
[[File:花卉5.jpg|缩略图|花卉3[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=79&spn=0&di=22770&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=2712242406%2C414412442&os=919690471%2C3108367962&simid=4106663164%2C804557248&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.duorouhuapu.com%2F2016%2F0817%2F201608171627143602.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3B175657i7wr7_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3Fip4sAzdH3Fda8bAzdH3Fa8-d9AzdH3F8c0nc9_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=4f&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
===[[雄蕊群]]===
花是被子植物繁衍后代的生殖器官。典型的花,在一个有限生长的短轴上,着生花萼、花冠和产生生殖细胞的雄蕊与雌蕊。有些学者认为裸子植物的孢子叶球也是“花”,而多数人则认为被子植物才有花,所以被子植物也称为有花植物。花的各部分不易受外界环境的影响,变化较小,所以长期以来,人们都以花的形态结构,作为被子植物分类鉴定和系统演化的主要依据。
[[File:花卉7.jpg|缩略图|花卉4[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=130&spn=0&di=112970&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1662413703%2C647504480&os=3924075282%2C3276965278&simid=4075029231%2C619586904&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xbmiaomu.com%2Fupfile%2F201611221039281841.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bxk4tw547_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3F4tw547xtgojgAzdH3Ffi5o_z%26e3Brir%3Ftpj4t1%3D0dl9c&gsm=83&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
也被多数文学者以花为媒,蔓为枝来描述花品寓意。
==狭义花卉==
花是植物成熟的表现,开出各色各异的花,具观赏效果;卉是草类的总称。
[[File:花卉6.jpg|缩略图|花卉5[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=80&spn=0&di=8580&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=3659852921%2C867384347&os=3546226804%2C3029320033&simid=3334688196%2C385835281&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gardenson.cn%2Fimg.php%3Fwww.hua36.com%2Ftupian%2Fmeiguihua%2F15.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3B2w61jgf5g_z%26e3BvgAzdH3F%25E0%25bE%25AB%25E0%25l8%25Ba%25Eb%25bA%25B8%25Ec%25ln%25b8%25E0%25A0%25bD%25Ec%25A9%25A0%25Ec%25bc%25Ab%25Ec%25lB%25BE%25Eb%25A0%25An_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=50&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
==广义花卉==
关于花卉的概念,程杰《论花卉、花卉美和花卉文化》一文值得参考,见《阅江学刊》2015年第1期。
[[File:花卉8.jpg|缩略图|花卉6[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=103&spn=0&di=36410&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1379402115%2C1164610946&os=4059504871%2C3120459179&simid=3454161371%2C265168993&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.62a.net%2Ftbimg%2Fimg%2Ftfscom%2Fi3%2F1629397920%2FTB2v3hyp4SYBuNjSspjXXX73VXa_!!1629397920.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bmdw_z%26e3BgjpAzdH3Ftpj4-cclaa08mn900_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=68&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
==花卉含义==
2.在社交集会或节日用作胸花或纽扣花
[[File:花卉9.jpg|缩略图|花卉7[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=103&spn=0&di=36410&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1379402115%2C1164610946&os=4059504871%2C3120459179&simid=3454161371%2C265168993&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.62a.net%2Ftbimg%2Fimg%2Ftfscom%2Fi3%2F1629397920%2FTB2v3hyp4SYBuNjSspjXXX73VXa_!!1629397920.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bmdw_z%26e3BgjpAzdH3Ftpj4-cclaa08mn900_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=68&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
3.用于表达爱意或敬意
====[[凤梨]]====
1、灼焦法:把花枝的末端放在蜡烛火焰上烧焦后,立即放到酒精里浸一分钟,再放到清水中漂清。绣球、丁香、木香、芍药、月季、菊花、象牙红等均可用此法处理。
[[File:花卉10.jpg|缩略图|花卉8[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB&step_word=&hs=2&pn=54&spn=0&di=75790&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1632833622%2C741823448&os=2647255161%2C4031868556&simid=3354529630%2C495990371&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1261&fr=&fmq=1594882460842_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined&copyright=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2F5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com%2Fimages%2F20170831%2Ff63a85ae90624bec8bccfb97ed53cc9c.jpeg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bf5i7_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FwAzdH3F8mbccbdm0_0clnbm&gsm=37&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
2、浸烫法:将花枝基部浸入沸水约十秒钟,起到阻塞切口,防止花枝组织中液汁外溢的作用。
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