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小草
,创建页面,内容为“'''小草 (禾本科植物)''' 小草是一种禾本科的植物,《中国植物志·第10(1)卷》有记载,小草形态秆纤细,无毛,高10-25…”
'''小草 (禾本科植物)'''
小草是一种禾本科的植物,《[[中国植物志·第10(1)卷]]》有记载,小草形态秆纤细,无毛,高10-25厘米,直径约0.5毫米,叶片上有白色的[[小绒毛]]。<ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/14936753/514aBXgFeWX0Hxjivxq9uUXX2R2qLbbxDhUQaeQdr3r5SaPLT4oi2DkXyGYgbdP7Jg6Z9f9Wy3-w7kGHZ-wyPQs 植物智。引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
[[File:小草3.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&step_word=&hs=2&pn=8&spn=0&di=101970&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=4262979206%2C2936762171&os=1166256599%2C2179947972&simid=3387948084%2C411452048&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1923&fr=&fmq=1591609907710_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fbbs-fd.zol-img.com.cn%2Ft_s1200x5000%2Fg4%2FM0B%2F0A%2F06%2FCg-4WlGzNJ6IVNanAA8UfMwQw9IAAJozQN5Ki0ADxSU598.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fp6y_z%26e3Bz5s_z%26e3Bv54_z%26e3BvgAzdH3F1vkkfAzdH3F1dmb_m9cdl_7t1_i00lamccal_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=9&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
==变种==
===长穗小草(拟)(变种)===
与原变种的主要区别是:[[植株]]较高大,秆高25-60厘米,直径约1毫米,穗状花序长(10-)15-20(-25)厘米,小穗长2-4毫米,穗轴边缘有较长柔毛或无毛;外稃长1.6-3.0毫米。[[染色体]]2n=40(Moffett et H.,1949)。花果期为7-8月。
[[File:小草5.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&step_word=&hs=2&pn=12&spn=0&di=104610&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=3333481712%2C1909722386&os=2062635779%2C3483484330&simid=3496878005%2C197717517&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1923&fr=&fmq=1591610522968_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2F5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com%2Fimages%2F20181102%2F2cdea76b59fb48dd88e6932f45d38fee.jpeg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bf5i7_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FwAzdH3Fd0d00mc8l_0dab0n&gsm=d&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
产云南西北部;生于海拔1 100米-2500米的荒坡草地、[[云南松林]]下、[[江畔岩隙]]或[[河滩草地]]。印度东北部、马来亚、[[热带非洲]]及美洲也有。模式标本采自热带[[美洲]]。
[[File:小草6.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&hs=2&pn=6&spn=0&di=205370&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&cl=2&lm=-1&cs=2709416427%2C3994138840&os=51806688%2C649498081&simid=4120741738%2C445137720&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=30&fr=ala&fm=&sme=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fbpic.588ku.com%2Fback_pic%2F03%2F87%2F00%2F4957d0da1413ba1.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Flafij3t_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3Ff7vwtAzdH3Fd8d8bcab_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=3&islist=&querylist= 原图链接]]]
本变种与原变种在云南境内常生于同一环境,均为多年生,与原变种之间无绝对界线。Bor(1960)谓 M. indica(L.)Beauv.为一年生植物,M. Kunthii Desv.为多年生植物而分成两种,但实际上难于区别,故将后种作为前种的变种。
[[File:小草7.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&hs=2&pn=7&spn=0&di=41580&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&cl=2&lm=-1&cs=1731707065%2C1347126955&os=2404608251%2C143360704&simid=3296747512%2C551182466&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=30&fr=ala&fm=&sme=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eduuu.com%2Fimg%2F2015%2F01%2F06%2F110614_54ab512650682.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bww6-vg_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FjAzdH3Fda8ca8amAzdH3Fc9wknjujbn1lk_z%26e3Bfip4s&gsm=1&islist=&querylist= 原图链接]]]
==形态特征==
矮小草本,常形成紧密的植丛。叶集生于基部,叶鞘在近地面处密集成[[纤维状]];叶舌极短,具短纤毛;叶片窄线形,常卷折成针状,长1-6厘米,宽0.8-1.2毫米,上面有时具稀疏白色长柔毛,边缘增厚。穗状花序单独顶生,着生处具1关节,多少呈弧形,长(3-)5-8(-10)厘米,穗轴边缘具短毛或无毛;[[小穗]]披针形,长2.2-2.8毫米;颖膜质,等长于小穗,有时带紫褐色,无芒,具1脉;第一颖稍不对称,第二颖背部扁平;外稃膜质透明,长约1.5毫米,先端长渐尖,背部具柔毛,具-3脉,侧脉靠近边缘具白色长纤毛;内稃膜质,披针形,略短于外稃,具2脊,脊上被柔毛,稃间具微毛。花果期7-9月<ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/14936753/514aBXgFeWX0Hxjivxq9uUXX2R2qLbbxDhUQaeQdr3r5SaPLT4oi2DkXyGYgbdP7Jg6Z9f9Wy3-w7kGHZ-wyPQs 植物智。引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
==产地生境==
产西藏、云南、浙江、 广东、江苏等省区;多生于旷野千旱草地或石上,也见于海边沙地。欧、亚、非热带和亚热带均有分布。模式标本采自印度。
==参考文献==
{{Reflist}}
小草是一种禾本科的植物,《[[中国植物志·第10(1)卷]]》有记载,小草形态秆纤细,无毛,高10-25厘米,直径约0.5毫米,叶片上有白色的[[小绒毛]]。<ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/14936753/514aBXgFeWX0Hxjivxq9uUXX2R2qLbbxDhUQaeQdr3r5SaPLT4oi2DkXyGYgbdP7Jg6Z9f9Wy3-w7kGHZ-wyPQs 植物智。引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
[[File:小草3.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&step_word=&hs=2&pn=8&spn=0&di=101970&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=4262979206%2C2936762171&os=1166256599%2C2179947972&simid=3387948084%2C411452048&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1923&fr=&fmq=1591609907710_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fbbs-fd.zol-img.com.cn%2Ft_s1200x5000%2Fg4%2FM0B%2F0A%2F06%2FCg-4WlGzNJ6IVNanAA8UfMwQw9IAAJozQN5Ki0ADxSU598.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fp6y_z%26e3Bz5s_z%26e3Bv54_z%26e3BvgAzdH3F1vkkfAzdH3F1dmb_m9cdl_7t1_i00lamccal_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=9&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
==变种==
===长穗小草(拟)(变种)===
与原变种的主要区别是:[[植株]]较高大,秆高25-60厘米,直径约1毫米,穗状花序长(10-)15-20(-25)厘米,小穗长2-4毫米,穗轴边缘有较长柔毛或无毛;外稃长1.6-3.0毫米。[[染色体]]2n=40(Moffett et H.,1949)。花果期为7-8月。
[[File:小草5.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&step_word=&hs=2&pn=12&spn=0&di=104610&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=3333481712%2C1909722386&os=2062635779%2C3483484330&simid=3496878005%2C197717517&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1923&fr=&fmq=1591610522968_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2F5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com%2Fimages%2F20181102%2F2cdea76b59fb48dd88e6932f45d38fee.jpeg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bf5i7_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FwAzdH3Fd0d00mc8l_0dab0n&gsm=d&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 原图链接]]]
产云南西北部;生于海拔1 100米-2500米的荒坡草地、[[云南松林]]下、[[江畔岩隙]]或[[河滩草地]]。印度东北部、马来亚、[[热带非洲]]及美洲也有。模式标本采自热带[[美洲]]。
[[File:小草6.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&hs=2&pn=6&spn=0&di=205370&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&cl=2&lm=-1&cs=2709416427%2C3994138840&os=51806688%2C649498081&simid=4120741738%2C445137720&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=30&fr=ala&fm=&sme=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fbpic.588ku.com%2Fback_pic%2F03%2F87%2F00%2F4957d0da1413ba1.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Flafij3t_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3Ff7vwtAzdH3Fd8d8bcab_z%26e3Bip4s&gsm=3&islist=&querylist= 原图链接]]]
本变种与原变种在云南境内常生于同一环境,均为多年生,与原变种之间无绝对界线。Bor(1960)谓 M. indica(L.)Beauv.为一年生植物,M. Kunthii Desv.为多年生植物而分成两种,但实际上难于区别,故将后种作为前种的变种。
[[File:小草7.jpg|缩略图|小草[https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&hs=2&pn=7&spn=0&di=41580&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&cl=2&lm=-1&cs=1731707065%2C1347126955&os=2404608251%2C143360704&simid=3296747512%2C551182466&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=30&fr=ala&fm=&sme=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=%E5%B0%8F%E8%8D%89&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eduuu.com%2Fimg%2F2015%2F01%2F06%2F110614_54ab512650682.jpg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bww6-vg_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FjAzdH3Fda8ca8amAzdH3Fc9wknjujbn1lk_z%26e3Bfip4s&gsm=1&islist=&querylist= 原图链接]]]
==形态特征==
矮小草本,常形成紧密的植丛。叶集生于基部,叶鞘在近地面处密集成[[纤维状]];叶舌极短,具短纤毛;叶片窄线形,常卷折成针状,长1-6厘米,宽0.8-1.2毫米,上面有时具稀疏白色长柔毛,边缘增厚。穗状花序单独顶生,着生处具1关节,多少呈弧形,长(3-)5-8(-10)厘米,穗轴边缘具短毛或无毛;[[小穗]]披针形,长2.2-2.8毫米;颖膜质,等长于小穗,有时带紫褐色,无芒,具1脉;第一颖稍不对称,第二颖背部扁平;外稃膜质透明,长约1.5毫米,先端长渐尖,背部具柔毛,具-3脉,侧脉靠近边缘具白色长纤毛;内稃膜质,披针形,略短于外稃,具2脊,脊上被柔毛,稃间具微毛。花果期7-9月<ref>[https://baike.baidu.com/reference/14936753/514aBXgFeWX0Hxjivxq9uUXX2R2qLbbxDhUQaeQdr3r5SaPLT4oi2DkXyGYgbdP7Jg6Z9f9Wy3-w7kGHZ-wyPQs 植物智。引用日期2019-12-19] </ref>
==产地生境==
产西藏、云南、浙江、 广东、江苏等省区;多生于旷野千旱草地或石上,也见于海边沙地。欧、亚、非热带和亚热带均有分布。模式标本采自印度。
==参考文献==
{{Reflist}}