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中文名:知母薤 拉丁学名:Allium caesium Schrenk 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:单子叶植物纲 目:百合目 科:百合科 属:葱属 种:知母薤 |
知母薤(zhī mǔ xiè)，学名：Allium caesium Schrenk，异名：Allium renardii Allium urceolatum ，是百合科、葱属植物。叶稍短到稍长于花葶。分布于中国新疆北部和西部。 [1]
知母薤形态特征
鳞茎单生，卵球形球状，直径1-1.5厘米，在基部浅灰棕色或紫色球状；鳞茎灰色，近革质到纸质。叶2或3，稍短到稍长于花葶，宽1-3毫米，半圆柱状，有时有瘘管，正面沟道，粗糙具小齿，很少近光滑。
花葶15-65厘米，粗糙具小齿或很少近光滑，其长度的1/4-1/2被叶鞘覆盖。佛焰苞宿存。伞形花序半球形到球状，密被多花，有时具一些小鳞茎，具小鳞茎。
花梗等长，2-3（-5）倍于花被，具小苞片。花被湛蓝，很少白色；裂片具深色中脉，长圆形到长圆状披针形，等长，4-6毫米，先端近钝；内部的稍宽于外部。
花丝3/4倍等长花被片，基部合生并与花被片贴生；外部花丝狭三角形；内部花丝加宽约为其长度的2/3，2倍于外部的宽，每边有1钝齿。花柱稍外露。 花期 以及果期5月6月。
Allium renardii Regel; A. urceolatum Regel.
Bulb solitary, ovoid-globose, 1--1.5 cm in diam., with grayish brown or violet bulbels at base; tunic gray, subleathery to papery. Leaves 2 or 3, slightly shorter to slightly longer than scape, 1--3 mm wide, semiterete, sometimes fistulose, adaxially channeled, scabrous-denticulate, rarely subsmooth.
Scape 15--65 cm, scabrous-denticulate or rarely subsmooth, covered with leaf sheaths for 1/4--1/2 its length. Spathe persistent. Umbel hemispheric to globose, densely many flowered, sometimes with a few bulblets, never with bulblets only.
Pedicels equal, 2--3(--5) × as long as perianth, bracteolate. Perianth azure, rarely white; segments with darker midvein, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, equal, 4--6 mm, apex subobtuse; inner ones slightly wider than outer.
Filaments 3/4 as long as to equaling perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer ones narrowly triangular; inner ones broadened for ca. 2/3 their length, to 2 × as wide as outer ones, with 1 obtuse tooth on each side. Style slightly exserted. Fl. and fr. May--Jun. 2 n = 16, 32.
Deserts, dry pastures; 700--2000 m. N and W Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan].
知母薤分布范围
分布于中国新疆北部和西部。