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星毛金锦香 |
中文名:星毛金锦香 拼 音:xīng máo jīn jǐn xiāng 学 名:Osbeckia stellata Ham. ex D. Don: C. B. Clarke 别 称:响铃果、阔叶金锦香、 倒水莲、公石榴等 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:桃金娘目 Myrtiflorae 科:野牡丹科 Melastomataceae 亚 科:野牡丹亚科 Melastomatoideae 族:野牡丹族 Trib. Melastomateae 属:金锦香属 Osbeckia 组:长喙组 Sect. Ceramicalyx 种:星毛金锦香 |
星毛金锦香(xīng máo jīn jǐn xiāng,学名 Osbeckia stellata Ham. ex D. Don: C. B. Clarke ,俗名:响铃果、阔叶金锦香、倒水莲、公石榴、大金钟、线鸡腿、罐子草、高脚红缸、朝天罐、阿不答石、九果根、小尾光叶、张天师、茶罐花、罐罐花、痢疾罐、盅盅花、假朝天罐、朝天罐、湿生金锦香、三叶金锦香、秃金锦香、响铃金锦香、棍毛金锦香,异名:Osbeckia crinita Osbeckia opipara Osbeckia paludosa Osbeckia mairei Osbeckia rostrata Osbeckia pulchra Osbeckia sikkimensis Osbeckia rhopalotricha Osbeckia yunnanensis Osbeckia robusta Melastoma mairei Osbeckia stellata var. crinita Osbeckia crinita var. yunnanensis ),为野牡丹科、金锦香属灌木,产贡山、福贡等地,四川亦有。 [1]
星毛金锦香形态特征
星毛金锦香
灌木,高1-1.5米;茎四棱形,被密或疏平贴的糙伏毛,分枝多。
叶片纸质,披针形至卵状披针形,稀卵形,顶端渐尖,基部钝或近圆形,长6-10厘米,宽1.8-3.4厘米,有时长6-9.2厘米,宽2.5-4厘米,全缘或具微细的不明显的细锯齿,具缘毛,两面被糙伏毛,5基出脉,叶面基出脉下凹,脉上无毛,侧脉不明显,背面基出脉、侧脉明显,隆起,仅脉上被毛;叶柄长5-11(-18)毫米,密被糙伏毛。
聚伞花序,生于小枝顶端,近头状或圆锥状,长可达7厘米;苞片广卵形,长8-10毫米,具刺毛状缘毛,背面被糙伏毛;花梗极短,被糙伏毛; 花萼长约2厘米,被刺毛状篦状毛及少数具柄星状毛,毛常平贴,裂片广披针形或狭三角形,顶端长渐尖,长约8毫米,背面被糙伏毛及疏缘毛;花瓣紫红色或粉红色,卵形,顶端急尖,长1-1.3厘米,全缘,无缘毛;雄蕊常偏向1侧,花丝较花药短,花药顶端具喙,喙长约为花药长的1/3,药隔基部膨大,后方下延呈短距;子房卵形,顶端有1圈刚毛,其余被糙伏毛。
蒴果卵形,4纵裂,长约1厘米,直径约5毫米,顶端具刚毛,其余被糙伏毛;宿存萼坛状,长1.2-1.5厘米,顶端平截,具纵肋,近上部缢缩成颈,毛常脱落,中部以下具向上平贴的刺毛状篦状毛。
花期8-9月,果期9-10月。
Osbeckia sikkimensis Craib in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 10: 56. 1917; Hara in Hara et Williams Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 170. 1979.——O. crinita auct. non Benth. ex C. B. Clarke: Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 14: 72. 1850; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 517. 1879, p. p. H. L. Li in Journ. Arn. Arb. 25: 4. 1944, quoad. speclm. H. T. Tsai 58937, err. 58963——O. stellata. Ham. ex D. Don var. crinita C. Hansen in Ginkgoana 4: 31. 1977, p. p.——O. stellata auct. non Ham. ex D. Don: C. Chen, 云南植物志2: 84. 图版23, 9-10. 1979, excl. fig. 11. et in Guihaia 2 (4): 187.1982.
Herbs or shrublets, 0.2-1.5(-2.5) m, erect. Stems 4(or 6)-sided, sparsely or densely patently strigose or velutinous. Leaves opposite or 3 verticillate; petiole 2-10(-15) mm, strigose or velutinous; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic, 4-9(-13) × 2-3.5(-5) cm, stiffly papery, both surfaces strigose or also velutinous, secondary veins 2 on each side of midvein, tertiary veins inconspicuous, base obtuse to subcordate, margin entire and ciliate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences terminal racemose or panicled cymose, 4-22 cm; bracts 2, ovate, ca. 4 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, margin setiform ciliate. Pedicel short or absent. Hypanthium usually purple to dark purple, 1-2.3 cm, with several rows of up to 2.5 mm setiform stellate trichomes on stalks. Calyx lobes 4, linear-lanceolate to subulate, 0.8-1.2 cm, caducous in fruit, margin ciliate. Petals 4, pink to purple, obovate, 1.5-2 cm, margin ciliate. Stamens 8, inclined to one side; filaments ± equal to anther lengths; anthers narrowly lanceolate, long-beaked; connective slightly inflated at base, abaxially slightly inflated, adaxially spurred. Ovary ovoid, 4-celled, apex setose. Capsule long urceolate, contracted at middle, 1.0-1.6(-2) × 0.5-0.8 cm, with rows of setiform stellate trichomes on stalks, ± glabrous in old specimens or basally setose, apically glabrous. Fl. Jul-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec.
星毛金锦香生长环境
海拔1700—2000米的沟边灌木丛、山坡林缘开朗阳处。
星毛金锦香分布范围
产贡山、福贡等地,四川亦有。此外,亦分布于喜马拉雅山南麓等地区。