无苞双脊荠查看源代码讨论查看历史
| 无苞双脊荠 |
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中文学名:无苞双脊荠 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:卫矛目 科:十字花科 属:双脊荠属 分布区域:青海省, 新疆自治区, |
无苞双脊荠(wú bāo shuāng jǐ jì，学名 Dilophia ebracteata Maxim.，异名：Dilophia hopkinsonii )，双脊荠属，为二年生草本植物。产青海、新疆、西藏。生在河滩沙地，海拔2800-3500米。 [1]
无苞双脊荠形态特征
二年生草本，高1-4厘米，全部绿色或红色，除萼片外无毛；根纺锤形，粗且长，上部有 去年茎叶残余。
茎多数丛生或单一，肉质，圆柱形。基生叶线形，在开花时枯萎；茎生叶常聚生在茎顶端，线状匙形，连叶柄长5-20毫米，全缘或每侧有1-3个疏齿。
总状花序密生，无苞片；花梗长约1毫米；萼片宽卵形，长2-3毫米，顶端圆形，外面有少数柔毛；花瓣白色，倒卵形，长3-3.5毫米。
短角果近圆形，长约2毫米，果瓣具1脉，有数个鸡冠状突出物。花期8月，果期9月。[2]
Dilophia ebracteata Maxim. Fl. Tangut. 72. t. 28. f. 34-45. 1889. ——D. hopkinsonii O. E. Schulz in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 12: 211. 1934. syn. nov.
Dilophia hopkinsonii O. E. Schulz.
Herbs glabrous throughout, rarely sepals puberulent. Stems erect, somewhat fleshy, simple from taproot, 1.5-10 cm tall. Leaves oblong-spatulate, linear-spatulate, or linear, (3-)5-10(-15) × (1-)1.5-3 mm, fleshy, base attenuate, margin entire, apex obtuse or rounded. Corymbs few to many flowered, only lowermost few flowers bracteate. Fruiting pedicels 3-10 mm. Sepals erect, broadly ovate, 2.5-3 × 1.5-2 mm, glabrous or subapically puberulent, margin broadly membranous, apex entire or minutely denticulate. Petals white, often with pink tinge outside, broadly obovate, 4.5-6 × 2-3 mm, apex rounded or subemarginate; claw to 3 mm. Filaments white, 2-3 mm; anthers ovate, 0.6-1 mm, the apicula ovate, 0.2-0.5 mm, apex rounded. Ovules 2-4 per ovary. Fruit valves oblong, glabrous, 2-2.5 mm, notch to 2 mm wide, apical cristae 4-12; replum 2-2.5 mm wide at base; style 0.2-0.3 mm. Seeds brown, broadly oblong or ovate, somewhat flattened, 1.8-2.2 × 0.9-1.2 mm. Fl. late Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Consolidated turf within scree slopes in alpine meadows and on rocky slopes, Kobresia mats; 4500-5000 m. Qinghai, Xizang.
The records in FRPS and Fl. Xinjiang. (2(2): 91. 1995) of Dilophia ebracteata from Xinjiang are based on misidentified plants of D. salsa. The differences previously used to distinguish D. ebracteata (leaves entire, flowers ebracteate, ovary cristae longitudinal) from D. salsa (leaves dentate or pinnately lobed, flowers bracteate, ovary cristae transverse) do not hold, though the leaves in the latter species are more often sinuate, dentate, or repand, rather than entire.
无苞双脊荠生长环境
生长于海拔2800-3500米的河滩沙地。