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康定垫柳 |
中文名:康定垫柳 学 名:Salix kangdingensis 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:杨柳目 科:杨柳科 属:柳属 组:青藏垫柳组 种:垫柳 变 种:康定垫柳 |
康定垫柳(学名:Salix kangdingensis)是杨柳科、柳属的一种木本植物,为中国的特有植物。分布于中国大陆的四川等地,生长于海拔3,000米的地区,见于山坡灌丛下,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。(图像来源:国家标本平台) [1]
康定垫柳形态特征
垫状灌木,主干匍匐,细长,不生根,红褐色。当年生枝黄褐色,近于直立,高数厘米,密被白色长柔毛,后无毛。芽小,广卵形,被稀疏短柔毛。
叶椭圆形或卵形,长约1.4厘米,宽约8毫米,先端急尖或稍钝,基部阔楔形,上面绿色,幼时散生短柔毛,后无毛,中脉凹下,侧脉微隆起,下面淡绿色,幼时沿中脉密生长柔毛,后无毛,叶脉明显隆起呈网状,全缘,稀有极不明显的稀疏的腺锯齿;叶柄长约3毫米,幼时被长柔毛。
雄花序与叶同时开放,细圆柱形,长约1.3厘米,粗约4毫米,生于当年枝的顶端,花序梗与花序近等长,生有3-5正常的小叶,轴密被长柔毛;
雄蕊2,长约2.5毫米,约为苞片的2倍,花丝下部有长柔毛,花药长圆形,黄色;苞片椭圆形,先端圆形,外面近无毛,内面及边缘有疏长柔毛;
腺体2, 红色,腹腺和背腺皆为细圆柱形,近等长,约为苞片长的一半。
未见雌株。花期5月下旬。 [2]
Salix kangdingensis S. D. Zhao et C. F. Fang,东北林学院植物研究室汇刊, 9: 9. 1980.
Shrubs procumbent to 3 cm tall; trunk russet, slender. Juvenile branchlets suberect, yellowish brown, densely white villous, glabrescent. Buds broadly ovoid, small, pilose. Petiole ca. 3 mm; leaf blade elliptic or ovate, ca. 1.4 × 0.8 cm, abaxially greenish, densely villous along midvein, or glabrous, adaxially green, sparsely pilose when young, glabrescent, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, rarely indistinctly sparsely glandular serrate, apex acute or obtuse; reticulate veins conspicuously raised abaxially. Flowering coetaneous. Male catkin terminal, cylindric, ca. 1.3 cm × 4 mm; peduncle nearly equal to catkin, with 3-5 leaflets; rachis villous; bracts elliptic, abaxially subglabrous, adaxially sparsely villous and ciliate, apex rounded. Male flower: glands 2, red, thinly cylindric, ca. 1/2 as long as bracts; stamens 2, ca. 2.5 mm, ca. 3 × as long as bracts; filaments villous proximally; anthers yellow, oblong. Female catkin unknown. Fl. May.
- Thickets on mountain slopes; circa 3000 m. W Sichuan
Similar to Salix brachista but juvenile branchlets densely pubescent; leaf blade entire; male catkin slender; bracts sparsely villous and ciliate adaxially; glands thinly cylindric; filaments villous proximally.
本种与小垫柳S. brachista Schneid.相近,但当年生枝有密毛,叶全缘,花序较细而长,花丝下部约1/3具长柔毛;腺体较狭长;苞片内面及边缘生有稀疏的长柔毛。
康定垫柳生长环境
康定垫柳生长于海拔约3000米的山坡灌丛下。