台湾剪股颖查看源代码讨论查看历史
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中文学名:台湾剪股颖 拉丁学名:Agrostis sozanensis 门:被子植物门 科:禾本科 属:剪股颖属 |
台湾剪股颖(tái wān jiǎn gǔ yǐng)，学名 Agrostis sozanensis Hayata，俗名：外玉山剪股颖、川中剪股颖，异名：Agrostis transmorrisonensis Agrostis transmorrisonensis var. opienensis Agrostis canina var. formosana ，是禾本科剪股颖属植物。 [1]
简介
台湾剪股颖，多年生草本，秆丛生，叶片扁平，微粗糙;圆锥花序疏松开展，具多个小枝;花果期夏秋季。产各地，生山坡、田野之潮湿处。分布于中国长江以南地区，日本、朝鲜和菲律宾也有。
台湾剪股颖（变种）
多年生草本，具根状茎。秆丛生，直立或基部稍倾斜上升，高达90厘米，直径1-1.2毫米，具3-5节。叶鞘无毛，上部叶鞘短于节间；叶舌干膜质，先端钝或平截，长2-6毫米；
叶片线形，长7-20(30)厘米，宽2-5毫米，扁平或先端内卷成锥状，微粗糙。圆锥花序尖塔形或长圆形，长15-30厘米，宽3-10厘米，疏松开展；
分枝多至10余枚，少者2-4枚，平展或上举，下部有1/2-2/3裸露无小穗，细弱，微粗糙；小穗柄长1-3.5毫米；两颖近等长或第一颖稍长，脊上微粗糙，先端尖或渐尖；
外稃长1.5-2毫米，先端钝或平截，微具齿5脉明显，中部以下着生1芒，芒长 0.8-2毫米，细直或微扭，基盘两侧有长0.2毫米的短毛；内稃长约0.5毫米；花药线形，长1-1.2毫米。花果期夏秋季。
与原变种的主要区别为花序长15-20厘米，宽3厘米，轮廓成长披针形。外稃长1.5-1.7毫米，先端急尖，芒着生在外稃背部2/3-4/5处；内稃长仅0.2毫米。
Agrostis canina Linnaeus var. formosana Hackel; A. transmorrisonensis Hayata; A. transmorrisonensis var. opienensis Keng ex Y. C. Yang.
Perennial, loosely tufted, shortly rhizomatous. Culms erect or ascending, up to 90 cm tall, 1–1.2(–2.5) mm in diam., 3–5-noded. Leaf sheaths smooth; leaf blades narrowly linear, flat or weakly involute toward apex, 7–20 cm × 2–5 mm, both surfaces scabrid; ligule 2–6 mm, apex obtuse or truncate. Panicle open, lax, broadly elliptic to narrowly ovate in outline, 15–30 cm; branches 2–4(–10) per node, capillary, widely ascending, flexuous, up to 10 cm, scabrid, lower 1/2–2/3 bare. Spikelets 1.8–2.7(–3) mm, green or tinged purplish red; glumes subequal or lower glume slightly longer than upper glume, keel scabrid, apex acute or acuminate; callus hairs 0.1–0.2 mm; lemma 2/3–3/4 spikelet length, awned from middle or above, apex obtuse or truncate; awn variable, up to 2(–3) mm, straight or slightly bent; palea 0.25–0.5 mm, 1/4–1/3 lemma length. Anthers 0.7–1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. summer and autumn.
- Moist ground, near roads, on slopes; below 2700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The development and position of the awn are variable in this species. It is usually bent and exserted from the spikelet, but may be shorter and straight. It may arise from the middle to the upper quarter of the lemma back. Occasionally, awnless spikelets may occur in a panicle where most spikelets are awned. The distinction from Agrostis infirma is based mainly on the presence of awns, coupled with slightly longer paleas and anthers.
Agrostis sozanensis is very close to A. canina Linnaeus. Agrostis canina is distinguished by the presence of creeping surface stolons, an awn arising from the lower part of the lemma back, and anthers 1–1.5 mm.
The name Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuckerman has been misapplied to A. sozanensis. Agrostis sozanensis and A. transmorrisonensis were published simultaneously, but A. sozanensis has priority when they are regarded as synonyms, since A. sozanensis was chosen first, by Koyama (Grasses Japan Neighboring Regions, 485. 1987). The identity of the taxon named A. transmorrisonensis var. kunyushanensis F. Z. Li (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 11(2): 28. 1991), described from Shandong (Kunyu Shan), is uncertain. The type has not been seen.
产地生境
产四川中部。生于海拔2500-3000米的路边、山坡上部、冷杉林迹地处。模式标本采自四川峨边县。
分类文献
《中国植物志》 第9(3)卷 (1987) >> 249页 PDF >> 川中剪股颖 Agrostis transmorrisonensis var. opienensis
SYN 注：学名已修订，接受名为Agrostis sozanensis。 24b. 川中剪股颖（变种）
Agrostis transmorrisonensis Hayata var. opienensis Keng ex Y. C. Yang, 植物研究4 (4) : 101. 1984.