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中文学名:卢豆 拉丁学名:Trigonella coerulea 界:植物界 目:豆目 科:豆科 属:胡卢巴属 |
卢豆(lú dòu)，一年生草本，高30-60厘米。茎直立或近直立，多分枝。花期7-8 月，果期8-9月。原产欧洲(中南部),在我国东北北部(黑龙江省呼玛县,汤原县)曾见有栽培。 [1]
卢豆形态特征
卢豆 叶为羽状复叶,具3小叶;托叶披针状锥形,下部常有牙齿,基部与叶柄连合;下部小叶较宽,一般为卵形或长圆形,有时为椭圆形；
上部小叶较狭,成狭长圆形或长圆形,长12-40毫米,宽4-15毫米；先端钝或渐尖,具小刺尖,基部楔形或稍圆,边缘具牙齿,表面无毛,背面沿中脉有疏毛。
总状花序多花,密集成头状,生于腋出的总花梗顶端,果期花序不延长,亦不疏松;萼钟状,萼筒与萼齿近等长;花冠淡蓝色,长5-6毫米,旗瓣长圆状卵形,顶端深凹,基部具长爪,翼瓣长圆形,顶端圆,基部具长爪及弯曲的耳部,龙骨瓣较短;
子房卵形,花柱线形,柱头头状。荚果小,近椭圆形,膨胀,两面凸,长2.5-4.5毫米(不包括喙长),宽2-2.5毫米,顶端具长而尖的喙,表面具脉纹,内含1-2粒种子。[2]
英文介绍
Trifolium caeruleum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 764. 1753 [T. "M. caerulea"]; Melilotus caeruleus (Linnaeus) Desrousseaux.
Annual herbs, 30-60(-80) cm. Stems straight, thick, terete, glabrescent, branched. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules subulate-lanceolate; petioles 1-4 cm; leaflets ovate to broadly elliptic, 15-35 × 4-15 mm, sparsely pubescent on midrib abax-ially, glabrous adaxially, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, base cuneate or rounded, margin serrate, apex obtuse or acute. Racemes capitate or ovoid, 10-25-flowered; peduncles axillary, ca. 6 cm, straight, glabrous; bracts bristlelike, ca. 1.5 mm; pedicel ca. 1 mm. Calyx ca. 3 mm, membranous, veins 5. Corolla blue, 5-6 mm; standard longest petal, keel shortest. Ovary ovate, gla-brous; ovules 5-7. Legume ovoid, 2.5-5 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex tapering and beaked, longer than body. Seeds 1 or 2, brown, broadly ovoid, ca. 2 mm, tuberculate. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep.
Cultivated or escaped on wastelands. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi [widely cultivated in Asia and Europe; of cultivated origin].
Trigonella caerulea is apparently nowhere indigenous and was probably derived from T. procumbens (Besser) Reichenbach (Ivimey-Cook in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 2: 152. 1968).Trigonella caerulea is apparently nowhere indigenous and was probably derived from T. procumbens (Besser) Reichenbach (Ivimey-Cook in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 2: 152. 1968).
卢豆分布范围
卢豆 本种原产欧洲(中南部),在我国东北北部(黑龙江省呼玛县,汤原县)曾见有栽培;在其他各省则未见有之。[3]
卢豆主要价值
与胡卢巴相同,种子药用,全株干后供除虫及熏衣用。并可为饲料。[4]