五蕊节节菜查看源代码讨论查看历史
五蕊节节菜 |
中文名:五蕊节节菜 学 名:Rotala rosea (Poiret) C. D. K. Cook ex H. Hara 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:桃金娘目 科:千屈菜科 属:节节菜属 种:五蕊节节菜 命名者及年代:(Hook. f.) Koehne,1881 |
五蕊节节菜(wǔ ruǐ jié jié cài),学名Rotala rosea (Poiret) C. D. K. Cook ex H. Hara,俗名:萡瓣节节菜、薄瓣节节菜,异名:Rotala pentandra Ammannia rosea Ammannia pentandra Ammannia leptopetala Rotala leptopetala Rotala littorea Ammannia littorea ,是千屈菜科节节菜属植物。一年生草本,茎伏地或直立,高8-30厘米,下部常生根,4棱,上部多分枝。叶狭矩圆形或披针状矩圆形,长7-30毫米,宽3-5毫米,侧枝上的仅长5毫米,顶端短尖、钝形或稍微凹,基部短缩或近截形,稀微心形,略抱茎。产广东(海南岛)、福建、江苏(云台山)、广西、贵州、云南等省区;生于湿地、田野或水田中,是我国南部田间杂草之一。 [1]
形态特征
一年生草本,茎伏地或直立,高8-30厘米,下部常生根,4棱,上部多分枝。叶狭矩圆形或披针状矩圆形,长7-30毫米,宽3-5毫米,侧枝上的仅长5毫米,顶端短尖、钝形或稍微凹;
基部短缩或近截形,稀微心形,略抱茎。花3或5基数,稀4基数;无花梗;小苞片线状披针形,花萼筒壶状钟形至钟形,长约1毫米,3-5裂;
裂片三角形,比萼筒短得多,裂片间的附属体刚毛状;花瓣5,微小,狭矩圆形,与花萼裂片近等长,薄而近透明,有时无、花瓣;雄蕊3-5;
花柱极短,约与柱头等长。果球形,成熟时红色,长约2毫米,3-5裂。
Ammannia rosea Poiret, Encycl., Suppl. 1: 329. 1810; A. leptopetala Blume; A. littorea Miquel; A. pentandra Roxburgh; Rotala leptopetala (Blume) Koehne; R. littorea (Miquel) Nakai; R. pentandra (Roxburgh) Blatter & Hallberg.
Herbs, annual, terrestrial or amphibious, 8-30 cm. Stems ascending or erect, mostly unbranched. Leaves decussate, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong, 7-30 × 3-5 mm, base obtuse [to cuneate], apex obtuse to retuse.
Bracts similar to foliage leaves, longer than flowers. Flowers 5-merous, solitary, sessile, axillary on main stem and branches; bracteoles linear, slightly shorter than floral tube. Floral tube campanulate, 1-1.5 mm; sepals (4 or)5, very short, ca. 0.25 mm, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments setiform, equaling sepals.
Petals (absent to)5, ca. 0.25 mm, not persistent. Stamens 5; anthers reaching margin of floral tube. Ovary globose; shorter than ovary. Capsules globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., well exserted from floral tube, apex red, 3-valved. Seeds ca. 0.3 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Oct in temperate regions, throughout year in tropical regions.
分类文献
Rotala pentandra (Roxb.) Blatt. et Hallb. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist.25: 707. 1918, P. p., pro Basion. et syn. R. leptopetala-Ammannia pentandra Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 448. 1820. ——Ammannia leptopetala Bl., Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 134. 1856.——Rotala leptopetala (Bl.) Koehne in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 1: 162. 1880 et in Engl., Pflanzenr. 17 (IV-216): 34. 1903; Backer et Bakh. f., F1. Java 1: 253. 1963; Van Leeuwen in Blumea 19: 55. 1971.
产地生境
产广东(海南岛)、福建、江苏(云台山)、广西、贵州、云南等省区;生于湿地、田野或水田中,是我国南部田间杂草之一。分布于亚洲南部和东部,自阿富汗至印度尼西亚、菲律宾和日本。