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乌蒙南星 |
中文名:乌蒙南星 别 名: 拉丁学名:Arisaema mairei H. Lév. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:单子叶植物纲 亚 纲:泽泻亚纲 目:泽泻目 科:天南星科 族:天南星族 属:天南星属 种:乌蒙南星 |
乌蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng,拉丁学名 Arisaema mairei H. Lév.)是一种野生型多年生草本植物,大多生活于山坡林下灌丛下,主要分布在我国的云南省、四川省等地。[1]
乌蒙南星形态特征
Arisaema maireanum Engler; A. wumengense H. Li.
Plants dioecious. Tuber renewed seasonally, dark brown outside, whitish inside, depressed globose, ca. 3 × 4-5 cm.
Cataphylls 2 or 3, greenish with pink and whitish blotches or whitish with brownish apex, 17-18 × ca. 2.7 cm, papery, apex obtuse. Leaves 2;
petiole green but sheathing part often with dark brown short stripes, 30-40 cm, proximal 25-30 cm sheathing into pseudostem, encircled in cataphylls;
leaf blade pedate, 5-7-foliolate or palmate-digitate; leaflets sessile, base connected and closed, light green abaxially, dull green adaxially;
central leaflet subsessile, elliptic to broadly oblong, base acute, apex acute or acuminate; lateral leaflets as central one but somewhat smaller, outermost ones ca. 8 × 3 cm.
Peduncle green, unmarked or with whitish dots, usually shorter than petioles, 33-36 cm. Spathe emerging from pseudostem; tube greenish outside, white inside, unmarked, cylindric, ca. 4 × 1.4-2 cm, smooth, throat slightly recurved, not auriculate;
limb white, unmarked, narrowly ovate, 9-11 × 3.7-5.5 cm, apex acute or acuminate, slightly incurved. Spadix unisexual; female zone greenish, conic, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm; ovary obovoid;
style pyramidal, short; stigma small, papillose; male zone cylindric, 1.5-2 cm × ca. 3 mm; synandria dense, subsessile; anthers 2 or 3, yellowish, thecae globose, dehiscing by apical pores. [2]
Appendix sessile, dark green throughout or whitish in basal 2-3 cm, green in middle ca. 1.5 cm, dull brownish purple distally, cylindric, narrowed distally, ca. 14 cm in total, 3-5 mm in diam., part exserted from spathe tube recurved and pendulous, apex filiform. Fl. Jun-Jul.[3]
生境产地
● Thickets, grassy slopes, riversides; 1900-2000 m. S Sichuan (Huidong), Yunnan (Huize, Luquan).[4]
主要价值
云台南星 块茎入药,外用治无名肿毒初起、面神经麻痹、毒蛇咬伤、神经性皮炎,炙后内服治肺,痈咳嗽(江苏)。 [5]
本种标本常被误定为 A. japonicum Blume,但后者附属器明显具柄,较粗短,基部光滑无中性花。
常见问题
南星科植物有哪些?
天南星科115属,2000余种,广布于全世界,但92%以上产热带,中国有35属,206种(其中有4属,20种系引种栽培的),南北均有分布,有些供药用,有些种类的块茎含丰富的淀粉供食用,有些供观赏用。
天南星有毒吗?
有毒 天南星属天南星科多年生草本植物,别名一把伞、南星、山苞米、山棒子等,在我国大部分省区都有分布,生于山野阴湿处或丛林之下。天南星植物体各部位均有苦辣涩味,麻口舌感。
天南星种植基地的产品如何?
天南星属多年生草本植物。别名:南星、禹南星、白南星、掌叶半夏、虎掌南星、异叶天南星、一把伞等,是河南省禹州市的地道中药材之一。天南星以球状块茎供药用。近年来由于野生资源少,用量大,人工栽培少。
天南星价格是多少
大的要55-60元 小的10-15元 天南星功效: 【性味归经】苦、辛,温;有毒。归肺、肝、脾经。该物种为中国植物图谱数据库收录的有毒植物。
参考来源
- ↑ 乌蒙南星, 植物智, 2020-01-18
- ↑ Arisaema 200027218 Arisaema lingyunense 凌云南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027219 Arisaema lobatum 花南星 FOC Vol. 23 242304196 Arisaema mairei 乌蒙南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027221...
- ↑ 乌蒙南星 Arisaema mairei 乌蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng)PPBCCVHColDuocetCFHeFlorasEOLTPLIPNIBHLPOWOGBIFiDigBioBingBaiduArisaema mairei异名: Arisaema maireanum Arisaema wumengense ...
- ↑ FOC >> Vol.23 (2010) >> Araceae >> Arisaema
- ↑ Diversity and floristic characteristics of vascu... 中既有专性附生, 如勐海南星(Arisaema lackneri); 又有半附生, 如崖角藤属(Rhaphidophora); 也有兼 性附生, 如石柑属(Pothos)和岩芋属(Remusatia)。