节毛乌蔹莓
节毛乌蔹莓 |
中文学名:节毛乌蔹莓 拉丁学名:Cayratia cilifera (Merr.) Chun 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:葡萄目 科:葡萄科 属:乌蔹莓属 种:节毛乌蔹莓 分布区域:产海南。 |
节毛乌蔹莓(jié máo wū liǎn méi,学名:Cayratia cilifera)是葡萄科乌蔹莓属的植物。木质藤本,花期6-9月,果期7-12月。分布于中国大陆的海南等地,生长于海拔300米至4,000米的地区,多生长在山谷疏林中,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
目录
节毛乌蔹莓形态特征
木质藤本。小枝圆柱形,有纵梭纹,被节状长柔毛,毛长2-3.5毫米。卷须常为3分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。
叶为鸟足状5小叶,小叶倒卵长椭圆形,长3.5-7厘米,宽1.2-2.5厘米,中央小叶顶端渐尖或急尖,基部楔形,侧生小叶顶端急尖或圆形,基部楔形或近圆形,边缘有圆锯齿或缺刻状锯齿,上面绿色,疏生长柔毛或脱落几无毛,下面浅绿色,伏生节状长柔毛;
侧脉5-8对,网脉不明显;叶柄长1.5-4.5厘米,小叶无柄或中央小叶有短柄,被节状长柔毛;托叶膜质,褐色,长4-6毫米,宽3-4毫米,顶短钝,几无毛。
花序腋生,复二歧聚伞花序;花序梗长约3.5厘米,疏生节状长柔毛;花梗长0.5-2毫米,被节状长柔毛;花蕾椭圆形,高1.5-2毫米,顶端圆形;萼碟形,边缘几全缘,疏被短柔毛;
花瓣4,卵形,高1-1.5毫米,顶端有细长小角状突起,外展,被疏柔毛;雄蕊4浅裂;子房下部与花盘合生,花柱短,柱头不扩大。
果实近球形,直径0.6-0.8厘米,有种子2-4颗;种子倒卵圆形,顶端圆形,基部有短喙,种脐在背面近基部与种脊无异,种脊呈沟状,表面有网状棱纹突起,腹部中棱脊突出,两侧洼穴分化不明显。
花期6-9月,果期7-12月。 [2]
英文介绍
Columella ciliifera Merrill, Lingnan Sci. J. 9: 39. 1930; Cayratia cannabina Gagnepain.
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, villous with segmented hairs 2-3.5 mm; tendrils trifurcate. Leaves pedately 5-foliolate; stipules brownish, oval, 4-6 × 3-4 mm, membranous, nearly glabrescent, apex obtuse; petiole 1.5-4.5 cm; lateral petiolules sessile or central petiolule short, villous with segmented hairs; leaflets obovate-elliptic, 3.5-7 × 1.2-2.5 cm, abaxially villous with appressed segmented hairs, adaxially sparsely villous or glabrous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous, base cuneate, apex acuminate or acute; lateral leaflets basally cuneate or nearly rounded, margin with rounded or notched teeth, apex acute or rounded. Compound dichasium axillary; peduncle ca. 3.5 cm, sparsely villous with segmented hairs. Pedicel 0.5-2 mm, villous with segmented hairs. Buds elliptic, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx cupular, sparsely pubescent, subentire. Petals oval, 1-1.5 mm, pilose, apex corniculate. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; stigma not expanded. Berry globose, 6-8 mm in diam., 2-4-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base rostrate, apex rounded, raphe groovelike, surface netlike with ribs raised, ventral holes inconspicuous.
Forests in valleys; 300-400 m. Hainan [Vietnam].
节毛乌蔹莓生长坏境
生长于山谷疏林中,海拔300-400米。模式标本采自海南。